表贴式永磁同步电机无位置传感器零低速起动方法的比较研究

A Comparative Study of Position Sensorless Low Speed Start Methods in Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

由于运行在中高速状态下的永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制方式大多是采用反电动势来估算角度位置和转速,这在零低速往往不适用。为了实现表贴式永磁同步电机无位置传感器零低速起动和平滑切换到中高速运行,分析了恒压频比控制、恒流频比控制、脉振电压信号高频注入法三种低速起动控制方法。开环恒压频比控制采用了新的V/F曲线和电压补偿,近似补偿定子阻抗压降防止起动失败;单闭环IF控制和双闭环脉振高频电压注入控制采用加权算法切换至滑模观测器。对某一表贴式永磁同步电机应用Matlab/Simulink进行了永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制系统的仿真分析,仿真结果验证了所提出方法的有效性。

Due to the fact that most sensorless control methods for permanent magnet synchronous motors operating at medium-high speeds use back electromotive force to estimate angle position and speed,this is often not applicable at low speeds.In order to realize the low speed start of the sensorless control for PMSM and switch to medium high speed,analyzed three low speed start control methods constant volts/hertz,keeping constant ratio of current and frequency,pulse high frequency voltage signal injection.Open loop control based on new V/F curve and voltage compensation,approximate compensation pressure drop of stator impedance to prevent start fail.One close loop keeping constant ratio of current and frequency control and double close loop pulse high frequency voltage signal injection control introduces weighting algorithm to switch to sliding model observer.Finally,a simulation model for sensorless control system of a PMSM was established and the simulation was established by using Matlab/Simulink.Furthermore,the simulation results corroborate the efficacy of the proposed method.