化粪池对城市排水系统水质水量及H_(2)S排放的影响

The comprehensive influence of septic tank on urban drainage system from water quality,water quantity and hydrogen sulfide emission

选择重庆市主城区住宅小区实地调研,对住宅小区化粪池进出口的污水水质、流量、H_(2)S等指标进行实测,分析取消化粪池对排水系统和周边环境的综合影响。结果表明:(1)从流量看,无论是工作日还是周末化粪池前后流量相差不大,取消化粪池对进入市政管网的污水总量影响不大;(2)从水质看,化粪池对COD、BOD_(5)、SS有较高削减率,且COD/TN的平均下降率为43%,COD/TP的平均下降率为38%;(3)从H_(2)S看,化粪池内H_(2)S平均浓度为8.20 mg/m^(3),污水管道内H_(2)S平均浓度为2.70 mg/m^(3),取消化粪池可有效降低可被人体感官明显察觉的臭气逸散的风险,对改善小区整体环境有积极效益。

The residential area in the main urban area of Chongqing was selected for field investigation.The sewage quality,flow rate,H_(2)S and other indicators of the inlet and outlet of the septic tank in the residential area were measured,and the impact of the abolition of the septic tank on the drainage system and the surrounding environment was analyzed.The result showed that(1) from the flow point of view,according to the results of the community flow,there was little difference in the flow before and after the septic tank on weekdays or weekends,and the cancellation of the septic tank had little effect on the total amount of sewage entering the municipal pipe network;(2) from the water quality,the septic tank had a higher reduction rate for COD,BOD_(5) and SS.The average decline rate of COD/TN was 43%.The average decline rate of COD/TP was 38%;(3) according to the measured results of H_(2)S in the community,the average concentration of H_(2)S in the septic tank was 8.20 mg/m^(3),and the average concentration of H_(2)S in the sewage pipeline was 2.70 mg/m^(3).Canceling the septic tank could effectively reduce the risk of odor emission that could be obviously perceived by human senses,and had a positive effect on improving the air quality of the community.