抗菌肽对肉牛生长性能及经济效益的影响

Effects of antimicrobial peptides on growth performance and economic benefits of beef cattle

试验旨在研究不同水平的抗菌肽对西门塔尔杂交肉牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数、血清免疫力及养殖经济效益的影响。试验选择32头健康、体重相近的西门塔尔杂交肉牛,随机分成4组,每组8个重复,每个重复1头肉牛。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验A组、B组、C组分别饲喂含有2、4、8 g/(头·d)抗菌肽的饲粮。预试期7 d,正式试验期150 d。结果表明:与对照组比较,试验B组和试验C组的末重和平均日增重显著升高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05);瘤胃液的pH值和菌体蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05),乙丙比显著降低(P<0.05);所有试验组瘤胃乙酸浓度显著降低(P<0.05);所有试验组血清中白细胞介素-4水平显著升高(P<0.05),白细胞介素-6水平显著降低(P<0.05);试验B组和试验C组血清白细胞介素-10水平显著升高(P<0.05),免疫球蛋白M和免疫球蛋白G水平显著升高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验A组、B组、C组的增重收入分别增加了10.40%、22.34%和23.55%,利润分别增加了19.31%、46.54%和48.45%。研究表明,在肉牛养殖中添加适量的抗菌肽可以提高生长性能,促进瘤胃发酵功能,增强机体的免疫功能,增加养殖利润,且添加4 g/(头·d)的抗菌肽较为适宜。

The aim of the experiment was to study the effects of different levels of antimicrobial peptides on the growth performance,rumen fermentation parameters,serum immunity,and breeding economic benefits of Simmental hybrid beef cattle.A total of 32 healthy Simmental crossbred beef cattle with similar body weight were randomly divided into four groups,with eight replicates per group and one beef cattle per replicate.Beef cattle in the control group were fed a basal diet,and those in the test group A,group B,and group C were fed diets containing 2,4,8 g/(head·d)antimicrobial peptides,respectively.The pre-test lasted for seven days and the formal test lasted for 150 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,the final weight and average daily gain in the test group B and group C were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the ratio of feed to gain was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The pH value and bacterial protein concentration of rumen fluid in test group B and group C were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the ratio of ethylene to propylene was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The rumen acetic acid concentration in all the test groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The serum level of interleukin-4 was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the serum level of interleukin-6 was significantly decreased in all the test groups(P<0.05).The levels of interleukin-10,immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G in test group B and group C were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the weight gain income in the test group A,group B,and group C was increased by 10.40%,22.34%,and 23.55%,and the profit was increased by 19.31%,46.54%,and 48.45%,respectively.The study indicates that adding appropriate amount of antimicrobial peptides in beef cattle breeding can improve growth performance,promote rumen fermentation function,enhance immune function and increase breeding profits,and adding 4 g/(head·d)antimicrobial peptides is more appropriate.