ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后左心室整体长轴应变损减对远期预后的影响

Impaired Global Longitudinal Strain Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients With Acute ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

目的:评估ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后左心室整体长轴应变(GLS)损减对远期预后的影响。方法:入选2020年9月至2023年8月我院已完成罪犯血管PCI,并于住院期间完成超声心动图斑点追踪的STEMI患者156例。去除基线时心力衰竭(Killip心功能分级Ⅱ~Ⅳ级)患者18例,最终观察138例患者。应用斑点追踪技术检测GLS。根据约登指数将患者分为GLS>-11.7%组(n=57)及GLS≤-11.7%组(n=81)。比较两组患者基线资料及超声心动图特点。对患者进行21(13,28)个月的随访,比较两组患者心力衰竭事件率。结果:入院时GLS>-11.7%组患者肌钙蛋白I(TnI)峰值显著高于GLS≤-11.7%组[85 160(31 297,214 226)pg/ml vs. 34 942(13 571,92 713)pg/ml,P<0.001]、罪犯血管分布差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.001)。超声心动图显示,GLS>-11.7%组患者较GLS≤-11.7%组患者左心室射血分数(LVEF)更低[(49.2±8.3)%vs.(60.1±8.7)%,P<0.001],节段性室壁运动异常比例更高(100%vs. 90.1%,P=0.015)。随访期间GLS>-11.7%组的LVEF及GLS均有恢复趋势,但整体仍逊于GLS≤-11.7%组(P均<0.001)。中位随访21(13,28)个月期间,校正年龄、性别、罪犯血管分布、TnI峰值后,GLS>-11.7%组患者心力衰竭风险显著增加(HR=9.123,95%CI:1.720~43.394,P=0.009)。结论:STEMI患者PCI后,GLS相对损减严重的患者远期心力衰竭风险升高。

Objectives:To evaluate the impact of global longitudinal strain(GLS)for prognosis in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)patients after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods:We enrolled 156 STEMI patients who underwent PCI and spackle tracking imaging(STI)during hospitalization from September 2020 to August 2023.Patients with KillipⅡ-Ⅳat baseline were excluded,138 patients were finally included.GLS was detected by STI.Patients were divided into more impaired group(GLS>-11.7%,n=57)and less impaired group(GLS≤-11.7%,n=81)according to Youden index.Clinical characteristics and echocardiography data were analyzed.Patients were followed up for a median of 21(13,28)months.Heart failure events were compared between the two groups.Results:The peak troponin I(TnI)was significantly higher in patients with GLS>-11.7%than those with GLS≤-11.7%at admission(85160[31297,214226]pg/ml vs.34942[13571,92713]pg/ml,P<0.001).Culprit vessel was different between the 2 groups(P<0.001).Compared with patients with GLS≤-11.7%,patients with GLS>-11.7%had lower left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)([60.1±8.7]%vs.[49.2±8.3]%,P<0.001),higher proportion of regional wall motion abnormality(90.1%vs.100%,P=0.015).Both LVEF and GLS recovered in patients with GLS>-11.7%during follow-up,but remained lower as compared to patients with GLS≤-11.7%(both P<0.001).The median follow-up time was 21(13,28)months.After adjusting age,sex,culprit vessel and peak TnI,the risk of heart failure of patients with GLS>-11.7%was significant higher(HR=9.123,95%CI:1.720-43.394,P=0.009).Conclusions:STEMI patients with more impaired GLS have a higher risk of heart failure post PCI.