水泥混凝土凹坑路面破损对大客车乘员平顺性影响分析

Analysis of influence of cement concrete pit pavement damage on passenger ride comfort

不平整水泥混凝土路面严重影响了行车的平顺性,为揭示大客车与不平整路面相互作用关系,本文以重型大客车为研究对象,基于拉格朗日方程和达朗贝尔原理建立7自由度整车平顺性模型。通过滤波白噪声法建立4轮路面激励模型,借助ADAMS仿真软件建立整车动力学模型以及路面和凹坑模型,并结合大客车与不平整路面平顺性评价标准,以Z轴最大加速度绝对值进行对比分析。研究表明:凹坑路面对车辆平顺性影响显著。后排座椅位置受到的振动要远高于其他座椅位置处受到的振动。在同一位置的不同两侧,左侧的Z轴最大加速度绝对值明显高于右侧,特别在后排位置其Z轴最大加速度绝对值大约是右侧的1.5倍。当凹坑深度较小时,并不随着车速的增加与位置的不同而对乘坐的舒适性有较大影响;而当凹坑深度较大时,随着车速的增加,虽然4个位置的Z轴最大加速度绝对值变化较大,但均小于31.44 m/s^(2),不会对大客车上的乘员造成影响,平顺性良好。

In order to reveal the interaction between bus and uneven concrete pavement,uneven cement concrete pavement seriously affects ride comfort.Based on Lagrange equation and D’Alembert principle,the seven-degree-of-freedom vehicle ride comfort model is established in this paper.The four-wheel road excitation model is established by filtering white noise method.The vehicle dynamics model and the road surface and pothole model are established by ADAMS simulation software.The absolute value of maximum acceleration on Z-axis was compared and analyzed.The results show that pothole pavement has a significant effect on vehicle ride comfort.The vibration of the rear seat position is much higher than that the other seat positions.In different sides of the same position,the absolute value of maximum Z-axis acceleration on the left is obviously higher than that on the right side,especially in the rear position,the absolute value of maximum Z-axis acceleration is about 1.5 times of that on the right side.When the depth of the pit is small,it does not have a greater impact on the ride comfort with the increase of the speed and the different position.However,when the pit depth is large,with the increase of vehicle speed,although the absolute value of maximum Z-axis acceleration at the four positions changes greatly,they are all less than 31.44 m/s^(2),which will not affect the passengers on the bus,and the ride comfort is good.