板栗黄化皱缩病检测方法优化及10个板栗品种抗性鉴定

Optimization of Chinese Chestnut Yellow Crinkle Detection Method and Resistance Identification of 10 Chestnut Varieties

为优化板栗黄化皱缩病检测方法,明确10个板栗品种的抗性,通过对巢式PCR引物添加量、退火温度的优化,结合植原体检出率和田间病情指数进行抗性评价。结果表明,巢式PCR在引物添加量为1.0μL、退火温度为54℃时,板栗植原体检出率最稳定;在毒源树嫁接400 d后,供试板栗品种均检测出植原体,其中‘燕山早丰芽变’叶片中植原体检出率最高,发病情况最严重,‘燕丽’叶片中植原体检出率最低,发病情况最轻;相关分析表明,植原体检出率和田间病情指数呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.907,其线性回归方程为Y=0.276X+1.610;根据2种评价方法将供试板栗品种分为高抗、中抗和高感品种,其中‘燕秋’‘燕紫’‘燕龙’‘燕丽’为高抗品种,‘燕山早丰芽变’为高感品种。研究初步明确了10个板栗品种对黄化皱缩病的抗性差异,为选用抗性品种提供了基础数据。

In order to optimize the detection method of Chinese chestnut yellow crinkle and clarify the resistance of 10 chestnut varieties,the resistance evaluation was carried out by optimizing the content of nested PCR primers and annealing temperature,combined with phytoplasma detection rate and field disease index.The results showed that the detection rate of chestnut phytoplasma was the most stable when the primer addition amount was 1.0μL and the annealing temperature was 54℃.After 400 d of grafting,phytoplasmas were detected in all the tested chestnut varieties.Among them,the detection rate of phytoplasma in the leaves of‘Yanshan Zaofeng Yabian’was the highest and the incidence was the most serious,while the detection rate of phytoplasma in the leaves of‘Yanli’was the lowest and the incidence was the lightest.The correlation analysis showed that the detection rate of phytoplasma was significantly positively correlated with the field disease index,the correlation coefficient was 0.907,and the linear regression equation was Y=0.276X+1.610.According to 2 evaluation methods,the tested chestnut varieties were divided into high resistance,medium resistance and high sensitivity.Among them,‘Yanqiu’‘Yanzi’‘Yanlong’and‘Yanli’were high resistance varieties,and‘Yanshan Zaofeng Yabian’was high sensitivity varieties.The resistance difference of 10 chestnut varieties to Chinese chestnut yellow crinkle was preliminarily clarified,which provided basic data for the selection of resistant varieties.