摘要
目的探究有氧运动疗法和无氧运动疗法对轻中度抑郁症患者抑郁症状、睡眠质量及认知功能改善的效果。方法前瞻性收集2019年2月至2023年5月在新乡医学院第二附属医院住院治疗的共148例轻中度抑郁症患者的临床资料,其中男74例,女74例,年龄18~60(40.08±11.03)岁。采用随机数字表法随机分配至常规治疗组(A组,49例)、常规治疗+中等强度有氧运动疗法干预组(B组,51例)、常规治疗+中等强度无氧运动疗法干预组(C组,48例)。对各组患者进行相应干预治疗4周,分别采用24项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton Depression Scale-24,HAMD_(24))、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,PSQI)及蒙特利尔认知评估量表(the Montreal Cognitive Assessment,MOCA)在干预前、后对各组患者的抑郁症状、睡眠质量及认知功能进行评分,采用配对样本t检验对干预前后各组患者各量表评分变化进行比较分析,采用单因素方差分析对干预后各组患者各量表评分差异进行分析比较。结果干预后各组患者HAMD_(24)、PSQI评分均较干预前降低[A:HAMD_(24)为(15.08±4.15)分比(29.33±4.75)分,PSQI为(12.76±2.52)分比(14.88±3.64)分;B:HAMD_(24)为(12.82±3.83)分比(28.61±5.08)分,PSQI为(11.59±2.26)分比(14.55±4.14)分;C:HAMD_(24)为(14.44±3.60)分比(29.44±4.98)分,PSQI为(11.40±2.30)分比(15.13±4.62)分](均P<0.001)。干预后各组患者MOCA评分均较干预前升高[A:(26.04±2.21)分比(25.92±2.34)分,t=-2.20,P=0.032;B:(26.22±1.59)分比(25.35±1.95)分,t=-4.45,P<0.001;C:(26.10±2.15)分比(25.21±2.13)分,t=-3.15,P=0.003]。干预后B组HAMD_(24)评分较A组、C组均降低[(12.82±3.83)分比(15.08±4.15)分、(14.44±3.60)分](均P<0.05),B组、C组PSQI评分均较A组降低[(11.59±2.26)分、(11.40±2.30)分比(12.76±2.52)分](均P<0.05)3MOCA评分差异无统计学意义(P=0.906)。结论运动疗法有助于改善轻中度抑郁症患者的抑郁症状和睡眠质量,但在改善认知功能方面无明显优势。
ObjectiveTo explore the effects of aerobic exercise therapy and anaerobic exercise therapy on improving depressive symptoms,sleep quality,and cognitive function in patients with mild and moderate depression.MethodsA prospective study was conducted to collect clinical data from 148 inpatients with mild to moderate depression treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College from February 2019 to May 2023 including 74 males and 74 females aged 18 to 60(40.08±11.03)years.They were randomly assigned the conventional treatment group(group A,49 cases),the conventional treatment+moderate-intensity aerobic exercise therapy intervention group(group B,51 cases),and the conventional treatment+moderate intensity anaerobic exercise therapy intervention group(group C,48 cases).Patients in each group were treated the corresponding intervention for 4 weeks.The 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD_(24)),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MOCA)were used to score depressive symptoms,sleep quality,and cognitive function,respectively,before and after intervention.Paired sample t-tests were used to compare the changes in scores before and after the intervention.One-way ANOVA was used to analyze and compare the score differences on each scale among the groups.ResultsAfter the intervention,HAMD_(24)and PSQI scores in all groups decreased compared with those before the intervention(Group A:HAMD_(24)(15.08±4.15)vs(29.33±4.75),PSQI(12.76±2.52)vs(14.88±3.64);Group B:HAMD_(24)(12.82±3.83)vs(28.61±5.08),PSQI(11.59±2.26)vs(14.55±4.14);Group C:HAMD_(24)(14.44±3.60)vs(29.44±4.98),PSQI(11.40±2.30)vs(15.13±4.62))(all P<0.001).After the intervention,the MOCA scores in all groups were higher than those before the intervention(Group A:(26.04±2.21)vs(25.92±2.34),t=-2.20,P=0.032;Group B:(26.22±1.59)vs(25.35±1.95),t=-4.45,P<0.001;Group C:(26.10±2.15)vs(25.21±2.13),t=-3.15,P=0.003).After the intervention,the HAMD_(24)scores of Group B were lower than those of Group A and Group C((12.82±3.83)vs(15.08±4.15)vs(14.44±3.60))(all P<0.05),and the PSQI scores of groups B and C were lower than those of group A((11.59±2.26)and(11.40±2.30)vs(12.76±2.52))(all P<0.05).No statistically significant differences in MOCA scores among Group A,Group B,and Group C after the intervention(P=0.906).ConclusionExercise therapy is helpful in improving depressive symptoms and sleep quality in patients with mild to moderate depression,but it does not have a significant advantages in improving cognitive function.
作者
刘聪
王慧颖
冀紫阳
张晓莉
付怡芳
谷景阳
张建宏
王长虹
Liu Cong;Wang Huiying;Ji Ziyang;Zhang Xiaoli;Fu Yifang;Gu Jingyang;Zhang Jianhong;Wang Changhong(Department of Psychiatry,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang 453002,China)
出处
《中华精神科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期298-304,共7页
Chinese Journal of Psychiatry
基金
河南省精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心开放课题(2019-zxkfkt-005)
中原英才计划。
关键词
抑郁症
成人
运动疗法
抑郁症状
睡眠
认知功能
Depressive disorder
Adult
Exercise therapy
Depressive symptoms
Sleep
Cognitive function