“双减”后家长的教育焦虑减轻了吗?——基于江西省靖安县初三学生家长的一项质性研究

Did Parental Educational Anxiety Decrease after"Double Reduction":a Qualitative Study Based on Parents of Grade 9 Students in Jing'an County,Jiangxi Province

教育焦虑是我国家长教育心态的真实写照。“双减”政策实施以来,家长们的教育焦虑表现出新的波动。子女学业成就和家庭综合资本共同影响着家长的教育焦虑。在“双减”背景之下,对我国江西省靖安县子女学业成就不同、家庭综合资本不同的13位初三学生家长进行半结构化的一对一访谈,采用质性研究软件NVIVO11.0对访谈材料进行编码分析,结果发现:子女学业成就不同的家长教育焦虑水平总体呈上升趋势,其焦虑水平排序为中等生家长>优等生家长>后进生家长;家庭综合资本薄弱的中等生家长更焦虑;无论家庭资本如何,优等生家长普遍存在焦虑。其中,家庭综合资本较高的优等生家长考虑更长远的社会公平问题,更多关注孩子的长远发展;家庭综合资本较低的优等生家长的焦虑来源于子女当下学习状态的变化、补习费用上涨带来的经济压力以及难以提供辅导支持的责任压力。

Educational anxiety reflects the true state of mind among Chinese parents regarding education.Since the implementation of the"double reduction"policy,parents'educational anxiety has exhibited new fluctuations.The academic achievements of their children and the overall family capital collectively influence parents'educational anxiety.Against the backdrop of"double reduction",this qualitative study conducted semi-structured one-on-one interviews with 13 parents of Grade 9 students in Jing'an County,Jiangxi Province,with varying levels of academic achievement and family capital.The interview data were analyzed and coded using qualitative research software,NVIVO11.0.The results revealed that parents with different levels of academic achievement displayed an overall increasing trend in their educational anxiety,with the anxiety levels ranking as follows:parents of average students>parents of high-achieving students>parents of underperforming students.Parents of average students with weak family capital exhibited higher levels of anxiety.Regardless of family capital,parents of high-achieving students commonly experienced anxiety.Among them,parents with above-average family capital considered long-term social fairness issues and focused more on their children's long-term development.Parents with below-average family capital experienced anxiety due to the changing academic performance of their children,increased costs of tutoring,and the pressure of not being able to provide adequate support and guidance.