辛亥革命时期孙中山的“行者”绰号与革命形象

Sun Yat-sen's Nickname“Monkey King”and Revolutionary Image during the Xinhai Revolution

在香港地区求学期间,孙中山就有过被呼为“孙行者”“孙悟空”的经历。1896年伦敦被难之后,“行者”绰号更是不胫而走,维新派常以此指代孙中山。20世纪初,革命派与保皇派论战期间,曾经发表短篇小说《新西游》,借用孙行者“有志竟成”占领了天宫,暗示孙中山所领导的革命必将取得胜利。小说中的很多关键情节,与报刊上报道的孙中山行踪颇多吻合,显示了革命派宣传的多样性。辛亥革命时期,革命派的相关报刊曾致力于打造孙中山革命党魁形象,《新西游》只是其中的一环而已。

During his studies in Hong Kong,Sun Yat-sen had the experience of being called“Sun Walker”or“Sun Wukong”.After the London disaster in 1896,the nickname“Monkey King”(Xingzhe) spread widely,and the reformists often used it to refer to Sun Yat-sen.At the beginning of the 20th century,during the debate with the royalists,the revolutionaries once published a short story called“New Journey to the West,”borrowing the inspiration of Monkey King's occupation of the Heavenly Palace to imply that the revolution led by Sun Yat-sen would surely achieve victory.Many key plot points in the novel coincide with the whereabouts of Sun Yat-sen reported in newspapers,demonstrating the diversity of revolutionary propaganda.Before the Xinhai Revolution,revolutionary newspapers and magazines dedicated themselves to creating the image of Sun Yat-sen as the revolutionary leader,and“New Journey to the West”was just one part of it.