血液灌流联合连续性血液透析在急性有机磷中毒患者中的应用效果分析

Analysis of the application effect of hemoperfusion combined with continuous hemodialysis in patients with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning

目的观察血液灌流(HP)联合血液透析对急性有机磷中毒(AOPP)患者胆碱酯酶(ChE)活性及炎症因子水平的影响。方法采用回顾性队列研究方法。选择2020年1月至2022年12月入住颍上县人民医院急诊科的73例AOPP患者作为研究对象。按治疗方案不同将患者分为HP组(31例)和HP+连续性肾脏替代治疗(CRRT)组(42例)。所有患者入科后均按照标准方案给予对症支持治疗。HP组患者入科后尽早给予HP治疗,治疗时间为2~3h,间隔24h进行1次;HP+CRRT组患者于HP结束后进行连续性静脉-静脉血液透析滤过(CVVHDF)。比较两组患者入科后(T0)、第1次HP/HP+CRRT结束时(T1)、第2次HP/HP+CRRT结束时(T2)、第3次HP/HP+CRRT结束时(T3)血清ChE、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL-1、IL-6)水平,以及ChE恢复时间、中间综合征(IMS)发生率、住院时间、入住ICU率等的差异。结果随治疗时间延长,两组治疗后T1、T2、T3时ChE活性均较T0时间明显增加,TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6水平均较T0时间明显降低,T3时达到谷值,且以HP+CRRT组的变化较HP组更显著[ChE活性(U/L):2903.26±164.43比2292.98±350.96,TNF-α(ng/L):78.24±10.75比100.55±15.58,IL-1(ng/L):95.98±22.56比127.94±18.74,IL-6(ng/L):34.36±8.66比58.74±10.46均P<0.05]。HP+CRRT组ChE活性恢复时间、住院时间均较HP组明显缩短[ChE活性恢复时间(d):4.42±1.17比7.31±1.46住院时间(d):9.25±2.14比12.75±2.30,均P<0.05],IMS发生率和入住ICU率均较HP组明显降低[IMS发生率:33.33%(14/42)比61.29%(19/31),入住ICU率:9.52%(4/42)比29.03%(9/31),均P<0.05]。结论对于AOPP患者,HP+CRRT在炎症因子清除、恢复ChE活性时间、降低IMS发生率、缩短住院时间等方面均优于单纯HP治疗,可在临床推广应用。

Objective To observe the effects of hemoperfusion(HP)combined with hemodialysis on cholinesterase(ChE)activity and inflammatory factors in patients with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning(AOPP).Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted.Seventy-three AOPP patients admitted to the department of emergency of Yingshang People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were enrolled.The patients were divided into HP group(31 cases)and HP+continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)group(42 cases)according to different treatment regimens.All patients were given supportive treatment according to the standard protocol after admission.HP was given to the patients as soon as possible after admission,and the treatment time was between 2 hours and 3 hours,with an interval of 24 hours.Patients in HP+CRRT group were treated with continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration(CVVHDF)after HP.The serum ChE,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and interleukins(IL-1,IL-6)levels were compared between the two groups after admission(T0),at the end of the first HP/HP+CRRT(T1),at the end of the second HP/HP+CRRT(T2),and at the end of the third HP/HP+CRRT(T3).The ChE recovery time,the incidence of intermediate syndrome(IMS),the length of hospital stay,and the rate of admission to ICU were also compared.Results With the extension of treatment time,the ChE activity at T1,T2,and T3 in the two groups was significantly higher than that at T0,and the levels of TNF-α,IL-1,and IL-6 were significantly lower than those at T0,reaching the trough value at T3,and the changes in HP+CRRT group were more significant than those in HP group[ChE activity(U/L):2903.26±164.43 vs.2292.98±350.96,TNF-α(ng/L):78.24±10.75 vs.100.55±15.58,IL-1(ng/L):95.98±22.56 vs.127.94±18.74,IL-6(ng/L):34.36±8.66 vs.58.74±10.46,all P<0.05].The recovery time of ChE activity and length of hospital stay in HP+CRRT group were significantly shorter than those in HP group[ChE activity recovery time(days):4.42±1.17 vs.7.31±1.46,length of hospital stay(days):9.25±2.14 vs.12.75±2.30,both P<0.05],the incidence of IMS and ICU admission rate were significantly lower than those in HP group[the incidence of IMS:33.33%(14/42)vs.61.29%(19/31),ICU admission rate:9.52%(4/42)vs.29.03%(9/31),both P<0.05].Conclusion For AOPP patients,HP+CRRT is superior to HP alone in the clearance of inflammatory factors,restoring ChE activity,reducing the incidence of IMS,and shortening the length of hospital stay,making it a valuable option for clinical application.