三叶青藤叶粉对崇仁麻鸡生长性能、血清生化指标及空肠形态结构的影响

Effects of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Leaves Powder on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Index and Jejunum Morphology of Chongren Patridge Chickens

【目的】研究三叶青藤叶粉(THL)对崇仁麻鸡生长性能、血清抗氧化和免疫功能及空肠形态结构的影响。【方法】试验选用360只50日龄崇仁麻鸡母鸡,随机分为5组(每组6个重复,每个重复12只),对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加0.5%、1%、2%和4%三叶青藤叶粉,试验期56 d。试验结束时以重复为单位称重,记录肉鸡采食量,统计生长性能指标;采集血液和肠道组织样品,检测血清抗氧化、免疫指标,制备空肠组织切片并观察空肠形态,测量空肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度,统计绒隐比(V/C)。【结果】与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1%三叶青藤叶粉后崇仁麻鸡料重比(F/G)显著降低(P<0.05),血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、IgM、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著升高(P<0.05),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05);添加2%三叶青藤叶粉后血清IgA、TGF-β含量显著升高(P<0.05),白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和TNF-α含量显著降低(P<0.05);添加4%三叶青藤叶粉后血清TGF-β含量显著升高(P<0.05),IL-1β含量显著降低(P<0.05);饲粮中添加0.5%和1%三叶青藤叶粉后空肠绒毛高度和V/C显著增加(P<0.05)。【结论】饲粮中添加0.5%~4%三叶青藤叶粉能在一定程度上促进崇仁麻鸡生长,提高机体免疫力,改善肠道组织形态,本试验条件下三叶青藤叶粉添加水平为1%~2%效果较好。

【Objective】The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum leaves powder(THL)on growth performance,serum antioxidant,immune function and jejunum morphology of Chongren patridge chickens.【Method】A total of 36050-day-old Chongren patridge female chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 hens per replicate.Hens in control group were fed a basal diet,and hens in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5%,1%,2%and 4%THL,respectively.The experiment lasted for 56 days.After the completion of the experiment,weight was utilized as the repetition unit,and feed intake was recorded for calculating the growth performance index.Blood and intestinal tissue samples were collected,serum antioxidant and immune indexes were detected,jejunum tissue sections were prepared and jejunum morphology was observed.The villus height and crypt depth of jejunum were measured,and the V/C ratio was calculated.【Result】Compared with control group,the ratio of feed to gain(F/G)of Chongren patridge chickens supplemented with 1%THL was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the contents of immunoglobulin A(IgA),IgM,transforming growth factorβ(TGF-β)and the activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in serum were significantly increased(P<0.05).The contents of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The contents of IgA and TGF-βin serum were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the contents of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and TNF-αin serum were significantly decreased(P<0.05)after adding 2%THL.The serum TGF-βcontent was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the serum IL-1βcontent was significantly decreased(P<0.05)after the supplementation of 4%THL.The villus height and V/C of jejunum were significantly increased after diets supplemented with 0.5%and 1%THL(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Dietary supplementation of 0.5%to 4%THL could promote the growth,enhance body immunity and improve intestinal tisste morphology of Chongren patridge chickens to a certain extent.Under the conditions of this experiment,the effect of 1%to 2%THL supplementation was better.