花生高产攻关实收单产12982 kg/hm^(2)技术分析

Technical analysis of peanut high-yield development tackling with 12982 kg/hm^(2)

为进一步挖掘花生高产潜力,示范带动大面积单产提升,自2013年开始山东省农业科学院花生栽培与生理生态创新团队连续组织高产攻关,产量相继突破实收单产11250 kg/hm^(2)、11700 kg/hm^(2)、12000 kg/hm^(2),其中2023年最高产达到12982 kg/hm^(2)。本文从栽培技术、气候条件、产量构成等方面分析了高产纪录产生原因,并对投入、产出进行了比较。栽培技术方面,集成应用了单粒精播、全程可控施肥、生物菌剂耦合、三防三促调控的高产栽培技术体系,通过充分发挥单株生产潜力、构建高质量群体来实现高产,为下一步单产突破13500 kg/hm^(2)提供技术支撑。

In order to further exploit the high-yield potential of peanuts and promote large-scale unit yield through demonstration,the Team of Peanut Cultivation and Physiological and Ecological Innovation Team from Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences has been consistently organizing high-yield research since 2013.Yields successively broken through the actual unit yield of 11250 kg/hm^(2),11700 kg/hm^(2),and 12000 kg/hm^(2),with the highest yield reaching 12982 kg/hm^(2)in 2023.This paper conducts an analysis of the factors contributing to the high-yield records,including cultivation techniques,climate conditions,and yield components,and compares the input and output.In terms of cultivation technology,the high-yield cultivation technology system integrates single seeds precision sowing,whole process-controlled fertilization,coupling with bio-fungicides,and three-preventions and three-promotions regulatory approach.By fully utilizing the production potential of individual plants and cultivating high-quality populations to achieve high yields,which provides technical support for the next breakthrough in achieving a unit yield of 13500 kg/hm^(2).