我国跨境数据治理的实践困境与破解路径

The Practical Dilemma and Solving Path of Cross-border Data Governance in China

随着数字贸易的发展,数据自由流动与安全之间的矛盾越来越突出,跨境数据治理出现了“自由化”和“本地化”分歧。数据本地化作为一种逆全球化的跨境数据治理方式不断引起全球关注。我国作为数据本地化的代表性国家之一,实行有条件的数据本地化,但在跨境数据治理上仍面临着执法困境、监管困境以及地缘政治困境。我国需要重新审视数据安全与发展之间的关系,从理念维度明确安全与发展并重的数据治理理念;从国内维度完善数据本地化立法及其配套实施规则;从国际维度深化国际合作,构建“战略互信”,增强我国在全球数据治理领域的话语权。

With the development of digital trade,the contradiction between the free flow of data and security is becoming more and more prominent,and there are"liberalization"and"localization"differences in cross-border data governance.As an anti-globalized cross-border data governance method,data localization has continuously attracted global attention.As one of the representative countries of data localization,China implements conditional data localization,but it is faced with law enforcement dilemma,regulatory dilemma and geopolitical dilemma in cross-border data governance.China needs to re-examine the relationship between data security and development,clarify the data governance concept of security and development from the concept dimension;improve the data localization legislation and supporting implementation rules from the domestic dimension;deepen international cooperation from the international dimension,build"strategic trust",and enhance China's voice in the field of global data governance.