双碳目标下高温气冷堆替代中小型火电的思考

The Consideration of Replacing Small and Medium-sized Thermal Power Plants with High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor under the Goal of Emission Peak and Carbon Neutrality

碳达峰碳中和是我国一项重要的国家战略决策,“双碳”目标的提出给能源行业带来了深刻的变革,我国能源结构将进一步优化,电力行业必须实现低碳转型,新能源取代火电已成为必然。本文分析了新形势下火电企业面临的巨大挑战、发电规模受到限制、经营成本不断上升,尤其是中小型火电机组,面临着淘汰和关停的局面,而高温气冷堆具有固有安全性、发电效率高、用途广泛的显著特点,使其替代中小型火电成为可能。本文通过厂址适应性、技术可行性、经济可行性三方面,分析了高温气冷堆替代中小型火电的可行性,并从相关法律法规适用性、内陆厂址所带来的问题、开展公众沟通等方面提出建议。

Emission peak and carbon neutrality is an important national strategic decision in China.Profound changes have taken place in the energy industry under the goal of emission peak and carbon neutrality.China’s energy structure will be further optimized,power industry must realize low-carbon transformation,and the replacement of thermal power by new energy has become inevitable.The great challenges faced by thermal power enterprises under the new situation are analyzed.The scale of power generation is greatly limited and the operating cost is rising.In particular,small and medium-sized thermal power units are facing the situation of elimination and shutdown.High temperature gas cooled reactor has the remarkable characteristics of inherent safety,high power generation efficiency and wide application,which makes it possible to replace small and medium-sized thermal power units.The feasibility of high temperature gas cooled reactor replacing small and medium-sized thermal power units is analyzed from three aspects:site adaptability,technical feasibility and economic feasibility.It also puts forward suggestions on the applicability of relevant laws and regulations,problems caused by inland nuclear power plant sites,and public communication.