基于PVsyst的单面与双面光伏组件最佳安装倾角对比

COMPARISON OF OPTIMAL INSTALLATION ANGLES FOR SINGLE-SIDED AND BIFACIAL PV MODULES BASED ON PVsyst

随着光伏发电技术不断进步,单面光伏组件与双面光伏组件的价差不断缩小。得益于发电量增益大,双面光伏组件在实际项目中受到愈来愈多的青睐。当光伏发电项目采用单面或双面光伏组件时,光伏组件的最佳安装倾角成为一个重要的考虑因素。选取了3个太阳能资源等级地区,利用PVsyst对在这3个地区建设的光伏电站分别采用单面和双面光伏组件时的安装倾角与光伏电站首年发电量及光伏组件正面接收的太阳辐照量之间的关系进行了仿真模拟。得到以下结论:1)以光伏电站首年发电量最大为衡量标准时,双面光伏组件的最佳安装倾角大于或等于有阴影遮挡的单面光伏组件的最佳安装倾角,但小于无阴影遮挡的单面光伏组件的最佳安装倾角。2)就单面光伏组件而言,无阴影遮挡条件下增加光伏组件安装倾角带来的发电量增益高于有阴影遮挡安装条件时。3)在无阴影遮挡情况下,在一定范围内增大单面光伏组件的安装倾角可以相应提升其发电量;相对于双面光伏组件,无阴影遮挡的单面光伏组件通过适当提高其安装倾角所获得的发电量增益较小,且增大安装倾角,光伏阵列之间的间距也需要相应增加,这会增大用地量,从而增加项目总成本。因此,在实际项目中,尽可能采用双面光伏组件是一个较为理想的选择。

With the continuous progress of PV power generation technology,the price difference between single-sided PV modules and bifacial PV modules is constantly narrowing.Thanks to the large power generation gain,bifacial PV modules are increasingly favored in practical projects.When single-sided or bifacial PV modules are used in PV power generation projects,the installation angle of the PV modules becomes an important consideration factor.This paper selects three regions with different levels of solar energy resources and uses PVsyst to simulate the relationship between the optimal installation angle of single-sided and bifacial PV modules used in PV power stations constructed in these three regions,the first year power generation of PV power stations,and the amount of solar radiation received from the front of PV modules.The following conclusion can be drawn:1)When using the maximum first year power generation of PV power stations as the measurement standard,the optimal installation angle of bifacial PV modules is higher than or equal to the optimal installation angle of single-sided PV modules with shading,but lower than the optimal installation angle of single-sided PV modules without shading.2)As for single-sided modules,increasing the installation angle of PV modules under unshaded conditions brings a higher power generation gain than under shaded installation conditions.3)In the absence of shading,increasing the installation angle of PV modules within a certain range can correspondingly increase their power generation.Compared to bifacial PV modules,single-sided PV modules without shading can achieve smaller power generation gains by appropriately increasing their installation angle.Increasing the installation angle also requires a corresponding increase in the spacing between PV arrays,which will increase land use and thus increase the total project cost.Therefore,in practical projects,using bifacial PV modules as much as possible is a more ideal choice.