社会支持对农村学前儿童父亲育儿压力的影响:心理弹性的中介作用

The Effect of Social Support on Parenting Stress Among Fathers of Rural Preschool Children:the Mediating Role of Psychological Resilience

社会支持是缓解学前儿童父母育儿压力、调节学前儿童父母心理状态、改善其育儿方式与育儿实践的重要支持来源。为探讨社会支持对农村学前儿童父亲育儿压力的影响,检验心理弹性在二者之间是否存在中介作用,本文采用分层随机抽样的方式,选取了河南省509位农村学前儿童父亲作为研究对象,采用社会支持量表、心理弹性量表和育儿压力量表进行调查。结果显示:农村学前儿童父亲的社会支持、心理弹性和育儿压力两两之间呈现出显著的相关性;进一步的回归分析和Bootstrap检验发现:社会支持显著负向预测育儿压力;心理弹性在社会支持与育儿压力之间起部分中介作用。据此,可通过加大对农村学前儿童父亲的社会支持来提高其心理弹性,进而缓解其育儿压力。

For parents of preschool children,social support is an important resource which aids parents by alleviating parental pressure,regulating their psychological state,and improving child-bearing styles and practices.The present study explored the effects social support exerts on parental pressure as experienced by rural fathers of preschool children,and whether psychological resilience mediates the relationship between the two.The sample comprised a stratified random sampling of 509 rural fathers of preschool children in Henan Province and used the Social Support Scale,the Psychological Resilience Scale,and the Parental Pressure Scale.The results showed a significant correlation between social support,psychological resilience,and parenting stress in this group;further regression analyses and Bootstrap tests showed that social support significantly predicted a reduction of parental pressure and that psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between social support and parental pressure.Accordingly,the psychological resilience of this group of fathers can be improved by increasing their social support,which in turn can alleviate their parental pressure.