基于GIS的漳州市松岭村乡村旅游适宜性评价及GAP分析

Evaluation of tourism suitability and GAP analysis for rural based on GIS:a case study in Songling Village,Zhangzhou City

以“全国乡村旅游扶贫重点村”漳州市松岭村为研究对象,借助地理信息系统(GIS),从资源禀赋潜力出发,构建乡村旅游适宜性评价体系,利用地理探测器计算各旅游适宜性影响因子的权重,基于乡村旅游适宜性评价结果对旅游空间进行开发空缺(GAP)分析,并提出旅游规划优化策略。旨在优化景观资源在空间整体布局中的合理利用,为乡村旅游规划提供新思路。研究结果表明:(1)松岭村旅游适宜性受基础设施因子影响最大,受坡向因子影响最小;(2)松岭村旅游适宜等级可分为高适宜、较高适宜、中适宜、较低适宜、低适宜区5类,其中高适宜区面积最小,仅占松岭村总面积的4.64%,低适宜区面积最大,占总面积的58.00%;(3)借鉴GAP分析思路,识别松岭村景观资源点开发潜力分级区块,各适宜等级区均存在较多景观资源点未开发。建议结合现有特色景观资源点,优先开发较高及高潜力区块、积极开发中潜力区、适度开发较低及低潜力区,以期在保留旅游资源特色的同时最大化利用其景观资源。

This study took the"National Key Village for Rural Tourism Poverty Alleviation"in Songling Village,Zhangzhou City as research object.First,with the help of Geographic Information System(GIS),starting from potential of resources gift,evaluation system of rural tourism suitability was constructed.In addition,geographic detector was used to calculate the weight of various tourism suitability factors.What is more,development GAP analysis of tourism space was conducted,which was based on evaluation of tourism suitability for rural.Finally,optimization strategies of tourism planning were proposed.This research aimed to optimize the rational use of landscape resources in overall layout of space and provided new ideas for rural tourism planning.The results showed that:(1)The tourism suitability of Songling Village was most affected by infrastructure factor,while aspect factor had the least influence.(2)The tourism suitability grades of Songling Village could be divided into five types:highest suitability,higher suitability,medium suitability,lower suitability and lowest suitability,among which the highest suitable area was the smallest,accounting for only 4.64%of total area of Songling Village,while the lowest suitable area was the largest,accounting for 58.00%of total area.(3)Using GAP analysis ideas for reference,landscape resource points development potential graded blocks of Songling Village were obtained,and there were many undeveloped landscape resources points in all suitable grade areas.It was recommended to combine existing characteristic landscape resource points to give priority to the development of higher and highest-potential areas,actively develop medium-potential areas,and moderately develop lower and lowest-potential areas,in order to maximize the use of landscape resources while retaining characteristics of tourism resources.