葛根素-猴头菇不溶性膳食纤维复合微胶囊的制备及理化性质的研究

Puerarin-Hericium Insoluble Dietary Fiber Compound Preparation ofMicrocapsule and Study of the Physical and Chemical Properties

目的:旨在制备葛根素-猴头菇不溶性膳食纤维复合微胶囊,通过提高其包埋率、抗氧化特性和生物可及性,进而促进葛根素相关产品的研发。方法:采用2.0%卡拉胶、3.0%海藻酸钠、0.5 g猴头菇不溶性膳食纤维、10.0 mg葛根素、5.0%的CaCl2溶液制得葛根素微胶囊(以不添加不溶性膳食纤维作为对照组),计算其包埋率、抗氧化特性、模拟体内消化释放率、生物可及性,并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)观察其微观结构。结果:猴头菇不溶性膳食纤维能够作为葛根素微胶囊的壁材,且包埋率均高于75.8%,最高可达94.66%,葛根素的承载量由空白组的0.60%增加到添加膳食纤维最高可达1.37%;消化前后DPPH、ABTS+两种自由基的清除能力显著低于未添加猴头菇不溶性膳食纤维的葛根素微胶囊(P<0.05),能够达到延缓抗氧化特性的作用;模拟体内消化的研究发现猴头菇不溶性膳食纤维包埋的葛根素(最低为9.46%)相对于游离的葛根素(17.46%)在胃中能够缓慢的释放,在进入肠道后迅速释放出来并大量溶于模拟肠道液中,使得葛根素肠道中的释放率从游离的22.93%增加到添加不溶性膳食纤维的最高可达92.59%,实现肠道的精准释放,显著提高了葛根素的生物可及性,是游离葛根素的2.9~3.9倍;SEM、FT-IR、XRD从微观层面证实超声辅助提取法所得猴头菇不溶性膳食纤维作为葛根素微胶囊的壁材,能够改善对照组微胶囊将葛根素裸露的缺点,使得微胶囊质地更紧密,也证实猴头菇不溶性膳食纤维的包埋使得葛根素的结晶度降低或消失以及葛根素的特征衍射峰发生偏移或减弱,达到良好的包埋效果。结论:添加猴头菇不溶性膳食纤维能够提高葛根素的溶出速率,延缓葛根素抗氧化的时长,实现其在肠道中的定点释放,提高葛根素的生物可及性和生物利用率,可以作为葛根素微胶囊的壁材。

Objective:To prepare puerarin-Hericium insoluble dietary fiber composite microcapsules,and promote the research and development of puerarin related products by improving its embedding rate,antioxidant properties and bioaccessibility.Methods:Puerarin microcapsules were prepared with 2.0%carrageenan,3.0%sodium alginate,0.5 g insoluble dietary fiber,10.0 mg puerarin,and 5.0%CaCl2 solution(with no insoluble dietary fiber added as the control group).The embedding rate,antioxidant properties,simulated digestion and release rate in vivo,and bioaccessibility were calculated.The microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR).Results:Hericium insoluble dietary fiber could be used as puerarin microcapsule wall material,and the embedding rate was higher than 75.8%,the highest could amount to 94.66%,the bearing capacity of puerarin by blank group increased to 0.60%of the top add dietary fiber was 1.37%.Before and after digestion,the scavenging ability of DPPH and ABTS+were significantly lower than those of puerarin microcapsules without soluble dietary fiber,which could achieve the effect of delaying antioxidant properties.The study of in vivo digestion showed that puerarin embedded in hericium insoluble dietary fiber(minimum 9.46%)could be released slowly in the stomach compared with free puerarin(17.46%).After entering the intestine,puerarin was released rapidly and dissolved in a large amount in the simulated intestinal fluid.The release rate of puerarin in the intestine increased from 22.93%of free puerarin to up to 92.59%of hericium insoluble dietary fiber,achieving accurate intestinal release and significantly improving the bioaccessibility of puerarin,which was 2.9~3.9 times that of free puerarin.SEM,FT-IR and XRD confirm that the hericium insoluble dietary fiber obtained by ultrasonic-assisted extraction could be used as the wall material of puerarin microcapsules,which could improve the shortcomings of exposing puerarin in the control group microcapsules and make the microcapsules more compact in texture.It was also confirmed that the hericium insoluble dietary fiber made the crystallinity of puerarin decrease or disappear and the characteristic diffraction peak of puerarin shift or weaken,which achieved a good embedding effect.Conclusion:Adding hericium insoluble dietary fiber could enhance the dissolution rate of puerarin,delay the antioxidant time of puerarin combined with sibelium,achieve the fixed-point release in the intestine,raise the biological availability and biological utilization ratio of puerarin,which can be used as puerarin microcapsule wall material.