学生德育自我评价的内省传统与日记因应

The Introspective Tradition of Students′Moral Self-Evaluation and the Diary Response

学生德育日记自我评价是基于我国近40年来德育评价领域出现的学生道德自我失语问题而提出的改革之钥。溯源儒家心性修养论所倡导的自我内省法,主张在“反省内求”所意指的自我修养中提升德性,以“为仁由己”助推学生“育己立德”的德育自主评价目标导向。学生德育日记评价通过学生对道德事件的价值判断唤醒道德自我知觉和道德提升感,实现道德认知能力的发展;帮助学生在日记叙事的自我反思中完成对道德情感的自我倾诉,发挥道德自豪对道德行为品质的强化功用,寻得道德内疚的疏解路向;适应学生道德动态发展特点,以合其志功的评价导向引导学生关注自身道德纵向发展。日记评价实践路向聚焦于日记自评与语文写作的融合、增值评价与过程评价的联合、自我隐私与坦诚沟通的和合,为学生道德自我评价提供适切的载体。

The self-evaluation of students′moral education diary is a key to reform based on the problem of students′moral self-evaluation that has emerged in the field of moral education evaluation in China over the past 40 years.Tracing back to the self-introspection method advocated by Confucianism′s theory of mental cultivation,it advocates the enhancement of morality in the self cultivation meant by"introspection and internal search",thus promoting the goal orientation of independent moral evaluation of"cultivating oneself and establishing morality"among students with the belief that"benevolence originates from oneself".The evaluation of students′moral diary awakens moral self-awareness and moral enhancement through students′value judgement of moral events,and realises the development of moral cognitive ability;it helps students to complete the self-expression of moral emotions in the self-reflection of diary narratives,and gives play to the reinforcing function of moral pride on moral behavioural qualities,and seeks a way to relieve moral guilt;it adapts to the characteristics of the students′dynamic development of morality,and guides them to pay attention to their own moral vertical development with an evaluation orientation that fits their motivation and results.The diary evaluation practice focuses on the integration of diary self-assessment and language writing,the union of value-added evaluation and process evaluation,and the harmony of self-privacy and frank communication,providing an appropriate carrier for students′moral self-assessment.