城市防灾避难场所网络结构特征与鲁棒性研究

Study on Network Structure Characteristics and Robustness of Urban Disaster Prevention Refuges

良好的防灾避难疏散体系是城市灾后应急救灾能力的根本保障,为探讨城市防灾避难场所系统空间布局和应急疏散能力的合理性,采用复杂网络技术构建了某城市固定避难场所网络模型,对其网络拓扑结构、网络特征基本参数、社团划分进行了分析,并研究了不同攻击模型下以边和点连通度为度量指标的结构抗毁性能力;根据网络中失效位置的不同,探讨网络内节点失效和网络内节点连通受阻导致的合作中断鲁棒性特征,研究结果可为城市固定避难场所的空间优化布局和核心场所强化建设提供理论支撑。

A good disaster prevention refuge and evacuation system is the fundamental guarantee for urban post disaster emergency relief capacity.In order to discuss the rationality of the spatial layout and emergency evacuation capacity of urban disaster prevention refuge system,building a network model of a city's fixed refuges by using com⁃plex network technology,analyzing its Network topology,basic parameters of network characteristics and community division,and studying the invulnerability of structures with edge and point connectivity as metrics under different at⁃tack models;According to the different failure locations in the network,discussing the robustness characteristics of cooperation interruption caused by node deactivation and node connectivity obstruction in the network.It shows that the research result can provide theoretical support for the spatial optimization layout of urban fixed refuges and the strengthening construction of core sites.