昆明市2018-2020年溯源出阳性接触者的HIV/AIDS患者特征分析

Analysis of characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients with HIV-positive contacts in the traceability work in Kunming from 2018 to 2020

[目的]了解昆明市溯源出阳性接触者的HIV/AIDS患者基本特征,为制定适合于昆明市的溯源工作策略提供参考。[方法]选择昆明市2018-2020年接受了HIV接触者溯源的HIV/AIDS患者为研究对象,收集其人口学特征、感染途径、HIV接触者检测信息等资料,采用t检验、χ^(2)检验和二元Logistic回归分析溯源出阳性接触者的HIV/AIDS患者特征。[结果]多因素分析显示,女性患者更容易溯源出阳性接触者,女性患者的溯源检测阳性率是男性患者的1.445(1.018~2.053)倍(P<0.05);相较于昆明市内其他县(区)报告的患者,报告地区类别为本县(区)的患者更容易溯源出阳性接触者,昆明市内其他县(区)报告患者的溯源检测阳性率是本县(区)的0.621(0.422~0.914)倍(P<0.05);新报告患者更容易溯源出阳性接触者,新报告患者接触者的检测阳性率是既往患者的1.708(1.216~2.399)倍(P<0.05)。[结论]在溯源工作中应加强对女性患者、本地患者和新报告患者的重点关注,以高效发现潜在感染者。

Objective To understand the basic characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients contacted with HIV-positive persons in the traceability work of Kunming,and to provide a reference for formulating the suitable traceability strategy for Kunming.Methods HIV/AIDS patients who received HIV contact traceability from 2018 to 2020 in Kunming were selected as the study objects.Demographic characteristics,the channels of infection,detection information of HIV contacts and other data were collected.T-test,chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients with HIV-positive contacts.Results Multivariate analysis showed that female patients were more likely to trace HIV-positive contacts,and the positive detection rate in traceability in female patients was 1.445(1.018-2.053)times than that in male patients(P<0.05).Compared with patients reported in other counties and districts in Kunming,patients whose reporting area was in this county and district were more likely to trace HIV-positive contacts.Reported patients positive detection rate in traceability in other counties and districts in Kunming was 0.621(0.422-0.914)times than that of this county and district(P<0.05).The new reported HIV/AIDS patients were more likely to trace HIV-positive contacts.The positive detection rate of new reported patients contacts was 1.708(1.216-2.399)times than that of previous reports(P<0.05).Conclusions More attention should be paid to female patients,local patients and newly reported patients in the traceability work to efficiently detect potential infections.