高航速下带自由面滑行艇粘性流场数值计算方法研究

Numerical simulation method of viscous flow field of planing craft with free-surface at high speed

针对滑行艇高航速下姿态变化显著、数值计算时艇底易于出现气-水异常现象的问题,基于雷诺平均纳维-斯托克斯(RANS)方法及动网格技术,采用人工干预结合六自由度(6-DOF)运动模型解决自由面与网格的匹配问题,采用高分辨率交界面捕捉技术结合流体体积模型(HRIC-VOF)的方法计算气-液相分布,通过探索HRIC-VOF的角度因子、锐化因子、库朗数上界值、库朗数下界值、时间步长等对艇底气-液相分布及总阻力的影响规律,获得可有效计算高速下滑行艇阻力及自由面兴波的数值计算方法。通过与试验结果进行对比,在模型速度V_(m)=2~13 m/s(F_(V)=0.96~5.78)时的阻力计算误差小于4.5%。

For a high-speed planing craft,remarkable variation of the sailing state may cause abnormal distri⁃bution of air-water on the bottom for numerical calculation.In order to match the mesh layout and free-sur⁃face,a numerical wave tank based on Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)method was established with dynamic mesh and manual six degrees of freedom(6-DOF)motion model.The high-resolution interface capturing with volume-of-fluid model(HRIC-VOF)scheme was applied to calculate the bottom’s water-air distribution on the ship model.The influences of angle factor,sharpening factor,Courant number’s upper bound,Courant number’s lower bound and time step on the calculation results of water-air distribution and total resistance were explored.The comparison of calculation and experimental results indicates that the cur⁃rent method is feasible for high-speed crafts’resistance forecast and for capture of free-surface.The relative error is less than 4.5%for ship model’s velocity at 2-13 m/s when F_(V)=0.96-5.78.