不同灌溉定额下复合寡糖对青贮玉米养分、酶活性及产量品质的影响

Effects of Complex Oligosaccharides on Nutrients,Enzyme Activities,Yield and Quality of Silage Corn Under Different Irrigation Quotas

为探究不同灌溉定额条件下复合寡糖对青贮玉米土壤养分、酶活性及产量品质的影响,采用两因素三水平完全随机设计试验。大田滴灌试验于2022年在宁夏吴忠市利通区高闸镇进行。设置3个灌水水平W1(2100 m^(3)/hm^(2))、W2(2700 m^(3)/hm^(2))、W3(3300 m^(3)/hm^(2))以及3个配施复合寡糖水平P1(42 g/hm^(2))、P2(63 g/hm^(2))、P3(84 g/hm^(2)),以当地生产无复合寡糖处理作为对照组(CK),共10个处理。结果表明:①全氮含量随着生育期的变化呈现先降低后增长的变化趋势,在抽雄期表现最差;②全生育期土壤脲酶活性表现出“增长-减小-增长”的变化趋势,吐丝期酶活性表现最差;③灌水定额和复合寡糖对青贮玉米产量影响显著(P<0.05),其中W3P3处理表现最优,较CK处理增产16%;④灌水、复合寡糖2者的交互作用对青贮玉米品质影响显著,W1P3处理表现最优,酸性洗涤纤维、粗灰分、粗脂肪、粗蛋白较CK分别增加15.1%、45.96%、27.54%、14.98%;应用TOPSIS模型综合评价表明,灌溉定额3300 m^(3)/hm^(2),复合寡糖施量84 g/hm^(2)可作为该地区最优灌水定额和复合寡糖施用策略。

To investigate the impact of compound oligosaccharides on soil nutrients,enzyme activities,yield and quality of silage maize under different irrigation quotas,a two-factor three-level completely randomized design experiment was conducted.The field drip irrigation test was conducted in Gaoza Town,Litong District,Wuzhong City,Ningxia in 2022.Three irrigation levels W1(2100 m^(3)/hm^(2)),W2(2700 m^(3)/hm^(2))and W3(3300 m^(3)/hm^(2))and three combined oligosaccharide levels P1(42 g/hm^(2)),P2(63 g/hm^(2))and P3(84 g/hm^(2))were set up for a total of 9 treatments.Local oligosaccharide free treatment was used as control group(CK).The results showed as follows:①The total nitrogen content exhibited an initial decrease followed by an increase throughout the growth stages,and the performance was the worst in the drawing-male stage.②The activity of soil urease during the whole growth stage showed a pattern of"increase-decrease-increase",and the activity of soil urease in the spinning stage was the worst.③Irrigation quota and complex oligosaccharides had significant effects on silage corn yield(P<0.05),and W3P3 treatment had the best performance,which increased 16%compared with CK treatment.④The interaction of irrigation and complex oligosaccharides had significant effects on the quality of silage maize.W1P3 treatment showed the best performance,and the acid detergent fiber,crude ash,crude fat and crude protein increased by 15.1%,45.96%,27.54%and 14.98%,respectively,compared with CK.TOPSIS model was applied to the comprehensive evaluation,and it was found that irrigation quota of 3300 m^(3)/hm^(2)and compound oligosaccharide application amount of 84 g/hm^(2)could be considered as the optimal irrigation quota and compound oligosaccharide application strategy in this area.