中晚唐辽代天德军史事考释

A Textual Research on the Tian De Jun During the Mid-late Tang and Liao Dynasties

唐贞元以降,天德军防御使治西受降城,兼任丰州刺史,这与唐代方镇例兼治州刺史的情形不同,却是在军事防御中有效统筹军、民的地方惯例。元和年间,为协调河套平原东部振武镇与西部天德镇的防御体系,天德军防御使、天德军移治天德军故城。五代初,河东李晋政权控制该地。辽朝攻占天德军节度使辖区后,将丰州东迁。丰州军额为天德军,在丰州之外并不存在一个名为天德军的政区,《辽史·地理志》的相关记载有误。

Since Zhenyuan period of Tang Dezong,the Du Fang Yu Shi of Tian De Jun(天德军都防御使)governed the West Surrender City and concurrently served as the governor of Fengzhou.This differed from the practice of Tang Dynasty that the Fangzhen governor often concurrently served as governor for the seat of their administrative office,and it was a local practice that effectively coordinated the army and civilians'affairs in military defense.During Yuanhe period of Xianzong,to coordinate the defense system of Zhenwu Fangzhen in the east of the Hetao Plain and Tiande Fangzhen in the west,the Du Fang Yu Shi of Tian De Jun and Tian De Jun(天德军)moved to the old city of Tian De Jun.In the early Five Dynasties,the regime of Li Jin(李晋)controlled this region.Then Feng Zhou was re-established on the east of the region after it was occupied by the Liao Dynasty.Tian De Jun was the military name of Feng Zhou,there was no administrative area named Tian De Jun.Therefore,there were some errors in the records of the Liaoshi Dilizhi(《辽史·地理志》).