北京市2011-2022年5岁儿童乳牙龋纵向变化分析

Longitudinal changes of deciduous teeth caries in 5-year-old children in Beijing from 2011 to 2022

目的了解北京市5岁儿童口腔健康状况及趋势,对自2011年开始每年开展的3~5岁儿童氟化泡沫项目进行效果评价。方法对照三次流调抽样原则,进行分层、整群随机抽样,每个区县根据经济水平高低随机各抽取3所幼儿园5岁儿童进行调查,每所幼儿园抽取60人。分析其患龋率、龋均及充填率等变化情况。结果2011年患龋率和龋均为最高值,2012-2022年患龋率及龋均均低于2011年,并自2018年后逐渐趋于稳定。充填率呈上升趋势;SiC指数位于7~8之间。患龋率、龋均及充填率男女对比无差异(P>0.05),城乡有差异(P<0.05)。结论从2011年起在全北京市范围内开展氟化泡沫等综合龋病预防项目以来,北京市患龋情况得以初步控制,但仍需进一步加强防治工作。

Objective To investigate the oral health status and the trend of 5-year-old children in Beijing and to evaluate the effect of application of fluoride foam in children aged 3 to 5 years.Methods The stratified and cluster random sampling were conducted and 5-year-old children from three kindergartens were randomly selected with 60 children selected from each kindergarten.The changes of dental caries prevalence,mean dmft and filling rate were analyzed.Results The dental caries prevalence and mean dmft were the highest in 2011.The prevalence of dental caries from 2012 to 2022 were lower than 2011,and gradually stabilized since 2018.The filling rate was showing an upward trend.The SiC index was between 7 and 8.There was no significant difference in dental caries prevalence,mean dmft and filling rate between boys and girls(P>0.05),but there was difference between urban and rural areas(P<0.05).Conclusions The fluoride foam and other comprehensive caries prevention project carried out in Beijing since 2011 have enabled the initial control of dental caries.