摘要
Domestic cattle have spread across the globe and inhabit variable and unpredictable environments.They have been exposed to a plethora of selective pressures and have adapted to a variety of local ecological and management conditions,including UV exposure,diseases,and stall-feeding systems.These selective pressures have resulted in unique and important phenotypic and genetic differences among modern cattle breeds/populations.Ongoing efforts to sequence the genomes of local and commercial cattle breeds/populations,along with the growing availability of ancient bovid DNA data,have significantly advanced our understanding of the genomic architecture,recent evolution of complex traits,common diseases,and local adaptation in cattle.Here,we review the origin and spread of domestic cattle and illustrate the environmental adaptations of local cattle breeds/populations.
基金
supported by the earmarked fund of the CARS-37,Foreign Young Talents Program(QN2022172008L)
a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872317)to C.L.
the fellowship of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021T140564 and 2020M683587)
Shaanxi Youth Science and Technology New Star(2022KJXX-77)
the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(2021JQ-137)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32102523)
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and High-end Foreign Experts Recruitment Plan(G2022172032L)to N.C.
the Scientific Research Fund of the Department of Education of Yunnan(2022J0830)to K.Q.
the Carlsberg Foundation(CF20-0355)to M.S.S.
