摘要
背景:骨关节炎是一种常见的关节退行性疾病,其发生发展的病因学机制尚不清楚。早期骨关节炎的及时诊治十分重要,目前尚无确切有效的方法。外泌体来源广泛,其中包含非编码RNA(Non-coding RNAs,ncRNAs),如微小RNAs、环状RNAs和长链非编码RNAs。外泌体ncRNAs可直接从原始细胞递送至邻近或远程细胞,通过细胞间通讯调节细胞活性,在重塑骨关节微环境中具有重要的调控作用。目的:总结外泌体来源ncRNAs对骨关节炎关节内微环境的干预作用,以及在临床应用中取得的进展,阐明其在骨关节炎诊治方面的潜力。方法:以“exosomes,non-coding RNA,osteoarthritis,application,signal pathway,synovial fluid,cartilage cells,cartilage matrix,subchondral bone,mechanism”为检索词在PubMed数据库中进行检索,最终纳入66篇相关文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①外泌体来源ncRNAs在骨关节炎的发病过程中对关节内微环境具有重要调控作用,主要体现在外泌体ncRNAs调控关节内炎症反应、软骨细胞及软骨基质的退化,软骨下骨重塑和细胞间通讯。②外泌体中的ncRNAs可以作为骨关节炎的生物标志物,帮助骨关节炎的早期诊断和监测疾病进展与预后。③外泌体ncRNAs可作为骨关节炎的治疗靶点,外泌体携带miRNAs递送到关节的软骨细胞及软骨基质,发挥调控作用。④外泌体ncRNAs可以通过调控基因表达、促进细胞间通讯,提高软骨组织工程的效果,修复或再生受损软骨。⑤未来研究者应继续发掘外泌体来源ncRNAs对骨关节炎的干预机制,并可结合最新软骨组织工程的研究成果应用到临床之中,这将有效帮助解决骨关节炎患者的病痛。
BACKGROUND:Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease,and the etiology and development of its pathogenesis are still unclear.Timely diagnosis and treatment of early osteoarthritis are crucial,and there is currently no definite and effective method.Extracellular vesicles come from a wide range of sources,including non-coding RNAs such as small RNAs,circular RNAs,and long chain non-coding RNAs.Extracellular vesicles non-coding RNAs can be directly delivered from primitive cells to neighboring or remote cells,regulating cell activity through intercellular communication and playing an important regulatory role in reshaping the bone and joint microenvironment.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the intervention effects of exosome-derived non-coding RNAs on the joint microenvironment of osteoarthritis and the progress made in clinical application,and to clarify the potential of exosome-derived non-coding RNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis.METHODS:Search terms“exosomes,non-coding RNA,osteoarthritis,application,signal pathway,synovial fluid,cartilage cells,cartilage matrix,subchondral,mechanism”were used for the search on PubMed database.Finally,66 related articles were included for review analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Exosome-derived non-coding RNAs play an important regulatory role in the joint microenvironment during the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis,mainly reflected in:exosome non-coding RNAs regulating the inflammatory response in the joint,degeneration of chondrocytes and cartilage matrix,subchondral bone remodeling,and intercellular communication.(2)The non-coding RNAs in exosomes can serve as biomarkers for osteoarthritis,aiding in the early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression and prognosis.(3)Exosome non-coding RNAs serve as therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis.Exosomes carry miRNAs to the articular chondrocytes and cartilage matrix to play a regulatory role.(4)Exosomes non-coding RNAs can improve the effect of cartilage tissue engineering by regulating gene expression and promoting intercellular communication to repair or regenerate damaged cartilage.(5)In future research,researchers should continue to explore the intervention mechanism of non-coding RNAs derived from exosomes on osteoarthritis,and apply them to clinical practice in combination with the latest research outcomes in cartilage tissue engineering,which will effectively help solve the pain of osteoarthritis patients.
作者
李志超
杨振国
王磊
王文波
薛景才
刘文斌
曹慧
Li Zhichao;Yang Zhenguo;Wang Lei;Wang Wenbo;Xue Jingcai;Liu Wenbin;Cao Hui(Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250000,Shandong Province,China;Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250000,Shandong Province,China)
出处
《中国组织工程研究》
CAS
北大核心
2025年第13期2784-2792,共9页
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(82374620),项目负责人:曹慧
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021MH298),负责人:王磊
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022QH105),项目负责人:李志超。
关键词
外泌体
非编码RNA
骨关节炎
关节内微环境
信号通路
软骨退变
生物标志物
临床应用
exosomes
non-coding RNA
osteoarthritis
intraarticular microenvironment
signaling pathway
cartilage degeneration
biomarker
clinical application