成都地区2 829例儿童呼吸道病原体IgM抗体检测结果分析

Analysis of IgM Antibody Test Results for Respiratory Pathogens in 2 829 Pediatric Cases in the Chengdu Area

目的探索成都市金堂地区儿童的9种常见呼吸道病原体IgM抗体感染情况及其季节性特征。方法回顾性分析2022年3月-2023年2月在该院住院治疗的2829例呼吸道感染患儿的呼吸道病原体IgM抗体检测资料,采用磁微粒化学发光法检测血清中的9种常见呼吸道病原体IgM抗体,包括合胞病毒(RSV-IgM)、甲型流感病毒(AIV-IgM)、乙型流感病毒(BIV-IgM)、副流感病毒(HPIV-IgM)、腺病毒(ADV-IgM)、柯萨奇病毒(CVB-IgM)、埃柯病毒(ECHO-IgM)、肺炎支原体(MP-IgM)、肺炎衣原体(CP-IgM)。结果2829例患儿中,呼吸道病原体抗体检出例数1157例,检出率为48.90%,各种病毒检出率前三位,BIV-IgM 444例(15.69%),MP-IgM 424例(14.99%),AIV-IgM 378例(13.36%)。春夏秋冬四季呼吸道病原体检出率依次为48.07%,30.36%,36.76%,36.13%,总体以春季为主,不同季节呼吸道病原体抗体检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=55.174,P<0.001),性别方面,男女儿童检出率依次为46.16%,49.74%,总检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。年龄段分段显示,1~3岁检出率最高(53.91%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=34.676,P<0.001)。在四季不同年龄段的患儿中,春季、夏季、秋季呼吸道病原体感染以3~7岁患儿为主,冬季呼吸道病原体感染以7~14岁患儿为主。结论成都市9种常见呼吸道病原体IgM抗体的检出率各自存在不同季节性特征与易感人群,可据此特征对当地儿童进行针对性防控及临床诊断。

Objective This study aims to investigate the IgM antibody responses to nine common respiratory pathogens and their seasonal distribution among children in the Jintang area,Chengdu.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on IgM antibody test data for respiratory pathogens from 2829 pediatric patients with respiratory infections at the hospital,from March 2022 to February 2023.Serum samples were tested for IgM antibodies against nine respiratory pathogens using chemiluminescence.These pathogens include Respiratory Syncytial Virus(RSV-IgM),Influenza A Virus(AIV-IgM),Influenza B Virus(BIV-IgM),Parainfluenza Virus(HPIV-IgM),Adenovirus(ADV-IgM),Coxsackievirus(CVB-IgM),Echovirus(ECHO-IgM),Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP-IgM),and Chlamydia pneumoniae(CP-IgM).Results Out of 2829 children,1157 tested positive for antibodies to respiratory pathogens,yielding a detection rate of 48.90%.The highest detection rates were for BIV-IgM(444 cases,15.69%),MP-IgM(424 cases,14.99%),and AIV-IgM(378 cases,13.36%).Seasonal variation in detection rates was observed,with the highest in spring(48.07%)and lower rates in summer(30.36%),fall(36.76%),and winter(36.13%).Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in detection rates across seasons(χ^(2)=55.174,P<0.001),particularly for CVB-IgM,ECHO-IgM,HPIV-IgM,MP-IgM,AIV-IgM,and BIV-IgM.The detection rates between male(46.16%)and female(49.74%)children did not show a significant difference(P>0.05).Age-wise,the highest detection rate was in the 1 to 3 years age group(53.91%),with significant differences across age groups(χ^(2)=34.676,P<0.001).Seasonal analysis showed that respiratory pathogen infections in spring,summer,and fall were more common in c hildren aged 3 to 7 years,while in winter,they were more prevalent in children aged 7 to 14 years.Conclusion The detection rates of IgM antibodies to nine common respiratory pathogens in children in Chengdu exhibit distinct seasonal patterns and vary among different age groups.These findings are crucial for the prevention,control,and clinical diagnosis of respiratory infections in local pediatric populations.