创新驱动政策是否促进城市减污降碳协同增效?——来自国家创新型城市试点政策的经验证据

Does innovation-driven policy enhance synergizing the reduction of pollution and carbon emissions in cities?Empirical evidence from national innovative city pilot policy

在当前“双碳”目标和美丽中国建设背景下,以创新驱动政策为引领促进城市减污降碳协同增效,对于推动形成人与自然和谐发展现代化建设新格局具有重要意义。基于2004—2020年中国284个地级及以上城市数据,以国家创新型城市试点政策为准自然实验,构建多期双重差分模型实证检验该试点政策对减污降碳协同增效的影响及作用机制。研究结果表明,以国家创新型城市试点政策为代表的创新驱动政策能够显著促进城市减污降碳协同增效,该结论在经过平行趋势检验、安慰剂检验、PSM-DID等一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立。进一步的影响机制分析发现,创新驱动政策能够通过技术效应、结构效应和产业集聚效应促进城市减污降碳协同增效。此外,创新驱动政策在环境关注度高、环保目标约束强和资源配置效率高的城市中对减污降碳协同增效的促进效果更为明显。研究结论为充分利用创新驱动政策促进城市减污降碳协同增效,进而实现经济社会绿色转型提供了政策启示。

In the current context of the"dual carbon"goals and the construction of a beautiful China,through innovation-driven policy enhance synergizing the reduction of pollution and carbon emissions in cities,which is of great significance to develop a new model of modernization with humans developing in harmony with nature.Based on the data from 284 prefecture-level cities in China from 2004 to 2020,this study takes the national innovative city pilot policy as a quasinatural experiment,constructing a multi-period difference-in-differences model to investigate the impact of national innovative cities on synergizing the reduction of pollution and carbon emissions.The results show that innovation-driven policy,represented by the national innovative city pilot policy,can significantly promote the synergized reduction of pollution and carbon emissions.After a series of tests such as parallel trends,placebo,and PSM-DID,its positive effect is stll valid.Further analysis of the impact mechanism reveals that innovation-driven policy can achieve the synergized reduction of pollution and carbon emissions through technological,structural,and industrial agglomeration effects.In addition,innovation-driven policy has a more significant promoting effect in cities with an environmental focus,strong constraints on environmental goals,and highly efficient resource allocation.The findings provide policy inspiration for fully utilizing innovation-driven policy to promote the synergized reduction of pollution and carbon emissions to achieve a green transformation of the economy and society.