广州市海珠区HIV/AIDS患者抑郁、焦虑和社会支持状况相关分析

Analysis of depressive and anxious symptoms,as well as social support levels,among individuals living with HIV/AIDS in Haizhu District,Guangzhou City

目的了解广州市海珠区人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)患者(简称HIV/AIDS)抑郁、焦虑和社会支持现状及相关因素,为群体AIDS的防治工作提供参考。方法采用横断面研究方法,选取2019年10月至2022年6月广州市海珠区HIV/AIDS患者363例为研究对象进行问卷调查。使用自行设计的问卷,收集其人口学、抑郁、焦虑、社会支持、性行为等信息,分析HIV/AIDS患者抑郁、焦虑和社会支持状况。采用独立样本t检验、方差分析、秩和检验。结果本研究共调查HIV/AIDS患者363例,年龄(39.38±11.94)岁,男性占70.25%(255/363)、已婚占46.83%(170/363)、初中文化程度占36.91%(134/363)、工人占30.03%(109/363)。HIV/AIDS患者抑郁自评总分为(52.67±7.84)分,45.07%(160/355)的患者存在抑郁情绪,其中轻度居多[37.18%(132/355)];焦虑自评总分为(51.84±6.64)分,主要为轻度焦虑[47.92%(173/361)]。HIV/AIDS患者社会支持总分为(22.87±7.79)分,其中客观支持得分为(6.45±3.00)分,主观支持得分为(16.42±4.79)分,对支持的利用度得分为(5.74±1.84)分。结论广州市海珠区HIV/AIDS患者存在部分心理健康问题,社会支持普遍较低,应加强该人群的心理健康辅导,增加对该人群的社会支持,尤其是客观支持和主观支持。

Objective To understand the current situation of depression,anxiety,and social support and related factors among human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS)patients in Haizhu District,Guangzhou City,and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of group AIDS.Methods Using cross-sectional study,363 HIV/AIDS patients in Haizhu District,Guangzhou City,from October 2019 to June 2022 were selected as the study subjects for questionnaire survey.A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect information on their demographics,depression,anxiety,social support,and sexual behaviors.The status of depression,anxiety,and social support among the HIV/AIDS patients were analyzed.Independent sample t test,one-way ANOVA,and rank sum tese were used.Results A total of 363 HIV/AIDS patients were surveyed in this study,aged(39.38±11.94)years,mainly were male[70.25%(255/363)],married[46.83%(170/363)],middle school education[36.91%(134/363)],and workers[30.03%(109/363)].The total self-rating score of depression of the HIV/AIDS patients was(52.67±7.84)points,and 45.07%(160/355)of the patients had depression,among which 37.18%(132/355)were mild.The total self-rating score of anxiety was(51.84±6.64)points,mainly were mild anxiety[47.92%(173/361)].The total score of social support of the HIV/AIDS patients was(22.87±7.79)points,of which the objective support score was(6.45±3.00)points,the subjective support score was(16.42±4.79)points,and the score of support utilization was(5.74±1.84)points.Conclusion HIV/AIDS patients in Haizhu District,Guangzhou City have some mental health problems and generally low social support,mental health counseling should be strengthened,and social support,especially objective and subjective support,should be increased for this population.