基于12个农艺性状的连翘种质资源多样性分析

Diversity Analysis of Forsythia suspensa Germplasm Resources Based on 12 Agronomic Traits

为了研究连翘种质资源多样性,提高连翘优良品种选育的效率,通过资源调查和收集,对来自河北省元氏县和涉县的72份连翘种质资源的12个性状进行描述和测定,并进行了数量性状的统计分析,以及表型性状的相关性分析、主成分分析和层次聚类分析。统计结果表明,连翘种质的8个数量性状表现出不同程度的差异,8个性状的变异系数为9.965%~55.934%,变异幅度较大,其中连翘苷含量、果喙长和连翘酯苷A含量遗传变异丰富,这3个性状可以作为种质资源选育和品质评价的重要参考指标。相关性分析结果表明,多种连翘种质资源农艺表型性状之间是相互影响的,其中果长、果横径长和果喙长与多项性状具有显著正相关性,这3个性状可以作为品种选育的重要依据。主成分分析结果表明,前5个主成分的累计贡献率达71.792%,可以反映72份种质12个性状的大部分遗传信息;利用5个主成分求得综合得分发现,66号样品得分最高,其次是9号和20号,综合得分可以作为连翘种质资源农艺性状的评价指标,为连翘育种和遗传研究提供参考。层次聚类分析结果表明,在遗传距离为6.077时可以将72份连翘种质分为5大类群,即使来源于同一产地的连翘种质,其表型性状仍存在着明显差异。本研究收集了来自河北省元氏县和涉县的72份连翘资源,在同一采收期对不同连翘种质资源的农艺性状及表型性状进行综合鉴定,研究结果可为连翘种质资源评价、优异种质资源发掘和优良品种选育提供科学依据。

In order to study the diversity of Forsythia suspense germplasm resources and improve the efficiency of breeding excellent varieties,12 traits of 72 F.suspense germplasm resources from Yuanshi County and Shexian County of Hebei Province through resource investigation and collection were described and measured.The statistical analysis of quantitative traits,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,and hierarchical clustering analysis of phenotypic traits were conducted.The statistical results showed that there were varying degrees of differences in the 8 quantitative traits of F.suspensa germplasm,with a variation coefficient of 9.965%to 55.934%,indicating a large range of variation.Among them,the genetic variation of forsythin content,fruit beak length,and forsythiaside A content were rich.These three traits can be used as important reference indicators for germplasm resource selection and quality evaluation.The correlation analysis results indicated that various agronomic phenotypic traits of F.suspensa germplasm resources were interdependent,among which fruit length,fruit transverse diameter length,and fruit beak length were significantly positively correlated with multiple traits.These three traits can serve as important basis for variety selection.The results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first 5 principal components reached 71.792%,which can reflect most of the genetic information of 12 personality traits in 72 germplasm samples.Using 5 principal components to obtain a comprehensive score,it was found that sample 66 scored the highest,followed by sample 9 and 20.The comprehensive score can be used as an evaluation index for the agronomic traits of F.suspensa germplasm resources,providing reference for F.suspense breeding and genetic research.The results of hierarchical clustering analysis indicated that at a genetic distance of 6.077,72 germplasm can be divided into 5 major groups.Even if they originated from the same origin,there were still significant differences in their phenotypic traits.This study collected 72 F.suspense from Yuanshi County and Shexian County in Hebei Province,and the agronomic and phenotypic traits of different F.suspense resources at the same harvesting period comprehensively were identified.The results can provide scientific basis for the evaluation of F.suspense resources,excavation of excellent germplasm resources,and breeding of excellent varieties.