基于GNSS水准的钱营孜矿区似大地水准面精化研究

Research on Refinement of Quasi-geoid Based on GNSS Leveling in Qianyingzi Mining Area

矿区高精度似大地水准面模型可以取代传统水准测量方法测定正常高,实现利用GNSS技术快速获取地物三维坐标,在矿区地形图更新、实景三维模型建立、矿山数字高程模型构建方面应用较为广泛。利用GNSS静态测量和二等水准测量求得矿区范围内19个参考点的高程异常,分别采用多项式平面拟合、四参数曲面拟合和二次曲面拟合3种方法进行了钱营孜矿区似大地水准面拟合。计算结果表明,二次曲面拟合效果最好,各拟合点的最大残差为3.4 cm,与检查点的最大差值为4.6 cm,能够满足矿区地形图更新的需要。

The high-precision quasi-geoid model of the mining area can replace the traditional level⁃ing method to measure the normal height,and realize the rapid acquisition of the three-dimensional coordi⁃nates of the ground objects by using GNSS technology.It is widely used in the update of the topographic map of the mining area,the establishment of the real three-dimensional model,and the construction of the digi⁃tal elevation model of the mine.The elevation anomalies of 19 reference points in the mining area are ob⁃tained by GNSS static measurement and second-class leveling.Polynomial plane fitting,four-parameter surface fitting and quadratic surface fitting are used to fit the quasi-geoid in Qianyingzi mining area.The cal⁃culation results show that the quadratic surface fitting effect is the best,the maximum residual error of each fitting point is 3.4 cm,and the maximum difference with the checkpoint is 4.6 cm,which can meet the needs of mining area topographic map updating.