语义互动引申视角下“吃+NP”超常搭配及其认知机制

The Cognitive Mechanism Behind the Superlative Collocation"Chi+NP"from the Standpoint of Semantic Interaction Derivation

“吃+NP”属于典型的动宾结构类型,常规意义下用来表示动宾结构之间的食物与被食用的关系。但是在计算机媒介通信环境中,“吃+NP”衍生出了表非常规意义的“吃+NP”超常搭配,例如近几年来“吃瓜”“吃鸡”“吃土”等网络新兴语言现象。这些现象可以根据其内部特点分为超越语义限制、超越范围限制和超越习惯用法的三类搭配。该文通过再现“吃+NP”超常搭配的认知衍生路径,挖掘了主导“吃+NP”认知产生背后的语法机制,即基于“吃”与“NP”语义互动的隐喻认知机制、转喻认知机制及二者混合的认知机制,这些超常搭配又可因不同的作用对象和方式进行细化分类。关于“吃+NP”的产生与其在网络上的流行,一方面是受到语言内部因素的影响,另一方面与语言外部的因素相关。

The verb-object construction"Chi+NP"is a common one that describes the connection between the verb-object constructions of eating and being eaten in the traditional sense.But"Chi+NP"has also given rise to remarkable collocations of"Chi+NP"with unusual meanings in the context of computer-mediated communication,such as"chi gua""chi ji"and"chi tu"and other recently developing language phenomena on the internet.Based on their internal characteristics,these phenomena can be categorized into three sorts of collocations:beyond scope constraints,beyond customary usage,and beyond semantic limitations.In this paper,we investigate the grammatical process underlying the cognitive creation of"Chi+NP"by duplicating the cognitive derivation path of this pairing.We discovered the grammatical mechanisms underlying the cognitive generation of"Chi+NP",that is,the cognitive mechanisms predicated on the semantic interactions between"Chi"and"NP",specifically metonymic,metaphorical and the cognitive mechanisms of mixing the two,which can be further subdivided based on the various objects and modes.There are two types of elements that have an impact on the rise of"Chi+NP"and its popularity on the Internet:language-related and language-external.