城市空间结构与交通系统组织协调性评价——以广州市为例

Assessment of the Coordination Between Urban Spatial Structure and Transportation System Organization:a Case Study of Guangzhou

城市空间结构与交通系统组织协调性是衡量城市交通总体运行效益的综合指标,强调全过程、全出行链的通行效率和城市整体效益。指出要实现城市空间结构与交通系统组织的协调就要最大化城市密度、城市布局和城市形态的效益,而时间效率和便捷是交通系统组织协调的重要目标。从交通需求层面出发,以目的地可及、目的地可达、公平可达、绿色可达为目标,构建城市空间结构与交通系统组织协调性评价体系,包含13项评价指标,重点体现人的需求这一核心要素。以广州市为例进行实证研究,结果显示,广州市城市空间结构与交通系统组织协调性得分71分,总体水平较好。其中人口与交通枢纽耦合度表现良好,枢纽型城市空间格局稳定发展;需要改善交通设施与重点功能组团耦合度、人口与就业岗位耦合度,同时要优化通勤时间及交通资源的均衡利用。

The coordination between urban spatial structure and transportation system organization serves as a comprehensive metric for evaluating the overall operational efficiency of urban transportation,which emphasizes the efficiency throughout the entire process and travel chain,as well as the overall benefits to the city.This paper suggests that,to achieve coordination between urban spatial structure and transportation system organization,it is necessary to maximize the benefits of urban density,layout,and morphology,with time efficiency and convenience as critical goals.From the perspective of transportation demand,an evaluation framework for the coordination between urban spatial structure and transportation system organization is established,aiming at destination accessibility,reachability,equity accessibility,and green accessibility,and incorporating 13 evaluation indicators that focus on the core element of people's needs.An empirical study in Guangzhou shows that the coordination score between the city's urban spatial structure and transportation system organization is 71,indicating a relatively good overall level.The coupling degree between population and transportation hubs is significant,with a stable development of the hub-oriented urban spatial pattern.However,improvements are needed for the coupling between transportation facilities and key functional clusters,and between population and employment,while also optimizing commuting times and balancing the utilization of transportation resources.