熔融沉积法3D打印天然植物纤维/可降解塑料复合材料的进展

Progress in 3D Printing of Natural Plant Fiber/Degradable Plastic Composite by Melting Deposition

近年来,3D打印技术在国内外得到了广泛关注。熔融沉积成型(FDM)为目前3D打印技术中最常用的一种工艺方法,可降解塑料为FDM使用较多的原材料。但是,单一的可降解塑料材料的成本较高,存在性能缺陷,限制了其在3D打印技术领域中的进一步发展。利用天然植物纤维与可降解塑料进行复合,用于FDM 3D打印,不仅能降低材料的成本,还可以改善材料的部分性能,因此,该类复合材料越来越多地被应用于FDM 3D打印领域,可以替代单纯的可降解塑料。对该领域的最新研究进展进行了综述,重点阐述了各类植物纤维与聚乳酸等可降解塑料复合后,在FDM 3D打印工艺中的研究及应用。

In recent years,3D printing technology has received great attention at home and abroad.Fused Deposition Molding(FDM)is the most commonly used process in 3D printing technology,and degradable plastics are the raw materials used in FDM.However,the single degradable plastic material itself has some problems such as high cost and performance defects,which limit its further development in the field of 3D printing technology.Using natural plant fiber compounded with degradable plastics for FDM 3D printing can not only reduce the cost of materials,but also improve some properties of materials.Therefore,such composite materials are increasingly used in FDM 3D printing to replace pure degradable plastics.In this paper,the latest research progress in this field is reviewed,and the research and application of various plant fibers combined with several degradable plastics such as polylactic acid in FDM 3D printing process are emphatically expounded.