高校人才流动与基础研究创新产出

Talent flow and basic research innovation output in universities

激发创新主体活力,是知识经济时代提升国家创新体系整体效能和建设世界科技强国的重要内容。学术人才流动作为高校间人才竞争的表现形式,能否带来基础研究创新产出的提升以及相应的作用机制尚待明确。基于Web of Science数据库2008—2018年中国高校发表的论文数据,使用固定效应模型和工具变量方法从学术人才流动的视角回答如何提升基础研究科研效率这一问题。研究发现,高校人才流动能够促进知识溢出,从而提升高校基础研究产出效率。机制分析表明,高校之间的人才流动通过研究人员合作论文数量的增加以及流入学者与高校之间更好的匹配来实现高校科研效率的提升。异质性分析表明,高校人才流入对基础研究创新产出的影响在社会科学领域以及人才流向东部高校中更为显著。研究结论为现阶段如何提升基础研究产出效率、释放学术人才红利提供参考。

Stimulating the vitality of innovation entities is an important aspect of enhancing the overall efficiency of the national innovation system and building a world’s science and technology country in the knowledge economy era.The phenomenon of talents mobility is a manifestation of talent competition among universities.However,the problem whether the phenomenon can improve the basic research and innovation output and the corresponding mechanism remains to be clarified.Based on the data of papers published by Chinese universities in the Web of Science database from 2008 to 2018,this article uses fixed effects models and instrumental variable methods to answer the question of how to improve the efficiency of basic research from the perspective of academic talent mobility.Research has found that talent mobility in universities can promote knowledge spillover,thereby improving the efficiency of basic research output in universities.Mechanism analysis shows that talent flow between universities can improve research efficiency by increasing the number of collaborative papers among researchers and better matching between incoming scholars and universities.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of talent influx on basic research innovation output is more significant in 985 universities,social science fields,and talent flow to eastern universities.This study provides a reference for how to improve the efficiency of basic research output and unleash the dividend of academic talents at the current stage.