基于多元统计学分析^(60)Co-γ射线辐照对川芎挥发性成分的影响

Multivariate analysis of the effects of ^(60)Co-γ irradiation on volatile components of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort

川芎挥发性成分是其主要活性成分之一,也是评价川芎药用品质的重要指标。为探究^(60)Co-γ射线辐照对川芎挥发性成分的影响,本研究以不同吸收剂量处理川芎样品,采用电子鼻结合顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱技术(HS-SPME-GC-MS),通过主成分分析、线性判别分析、正交偏最小二乘法和聚类分析的多元统计学方法分析数据,以期了解川芎辐照前后挥发性成分的变化。电子鼻与GC-MS结果都表明:川芎气味主要由烷烃类、醇类、醛类、酮类贡献,10 kGy剂量以下的辐照处理对川芎挥发性气味成分影响不大;川芎经0 kGy(对照组)、3 kGy、7 kGy、10 kGy剂量辐照处理后,共鉴定出60种化合物,其中烃类23种,醇类12种,脂类10种,醛酮类4种,其他类11种;筛选到21种辐照前后的差异特征性指标物,它们在川芎挥发性成分中只占约12.92%,不是川芎的主要挥发性成分。经10 kGy剂量以下的辐照处理后,川芎中没有新生成的物质被鉴定出来。研究结果提示经10 kGy以下剂量处理川芎不会影响其主要挥发性成分。

Volatile components are one of the main active components of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort and are important indicators for evaluating the medicinal quality of Ligusticum chuanxiong.To explore the effects of ^(60)Co-γ irradiation on the volatile components of Ligusticum chuanxiong,the samples were treated with different irradiation doses,and the changes of the volatile components before and after irradiation were analyzed using an electronic nose combined with headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Principal component analysis(PCA),linear discriminant analysis(LDA),orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA),and cluster statistical analysis were used to elucidate changes in the volatile components of Ligusticum chuanxiong before and after irradiation.The electronic nose detection results and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry detection results indicated that ketone alkanes,alcohols,aldehydes,and ketones contributed to the odor of Ligusticum chuanxiong.Irradiation treatments at doses≤10 kGy had no significant effect on the odor of Ligusticum chuanxiong.The results demonstrated that after irradiation at 0 kGy(control group),3 kGy,7 kGy,and 10 kGy,60 compounds were identified in Ligusticum chuanxiong,including 23 hydrocarbons,12 alcohols,10 lipids,and 4 aldehydes or ketones,and 11 others.There were mainly 21 volatile substances that changed after irradiation,accounting for approximately 12.92% of the volatile components in Ligusticum chuanxiong;however,they were not the main volatile components of Ligusticum chuanxiong.No new compounds were identified in Ligusticum chuanxiong after irradiation treatment within a dose of 10 kGy.The results provide a theoretical basis and reference for the influence of ^(60)Co-γ irradiation on the quality of Ligusticum chuanxiong samples and also lay a certain foundation for the application of irradiation in Ligusticum chuanxiong pieces and traditional Chinese medicine and simple preparation resources.The results indicate that the treatment of ^(60)Co-γ irradiation on the Ligusticum chuanxiong samples with doses˂10 kGy does not affect its main volatile components.