白木香6个不同种质所结沉香的GC-MS分析

GC-MS Analysis of Agarwood from Six Different Germplasms of Aquilaria sinensis

本研究旨在为区分白木香不同种质、品种选育及有针对性地开发利用等方面提供科学依据,以白木香6个不同种质的结香样品为研究对象,分别为海香1号(Aquilaria sinensis‘Haixiang 1’)、海香2号(A.sinensis‘Haixiang 2’)、海香3号(A.sinensis‘Haixiang3’)、皮油种、大叶种和囊泡种。采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)法对乙醚法超声提取的结香样品成分进行分析研究。结果表明:6个不同种质所结沉香的挥发性成分中倍半萜类较高,而色酮类较低;种质间差异较大,共有成分仅有2个,即叔丁基对甲酚和2,2'-亚甲基双-(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)。倍半萜类成分的数量(10~26种)和总相对含量(25.39%~87.50%)较高,以白木香醛为主,其中海香3号中的倍半萜类数量和含量最高。色酮类的数量(1~3种)和总相对含量(4.66%~37.32%)较低,以2-(2-苯乙基)色酮为主,其中海香1号中的色酮类数量和含量最高,而海香3号、大叶种和囊泡种中均未检出。海香1号、海香2号、海香3号和皮油种所结沉香具有较丰富的致香成分,如白木香醛、7α-H-9(10)-烯-11,12-环氧-8-氧艾里莫芬烷和卡拉酮等;海香2号、海香3号、皮油种和囊泡种所结沉香中含有多种倍半萜成分,如沉香螺旋醇和沉香雅槛蓝醇等;海香1号和海香2号所结沉香中的苄基丙酮成分含量较高;海香1号、海香3号和大叶种所结沉香中的7α-H-9(10)-烯-11,12-环氧-8-氧艾里莫芬烷和6,7-二甲氧基-2-(2-苯乙基)色酮等成分含量较高。白木香6个不同种质所结沉香的挥发性成分在种类及含量上具有较大差异,可根据活性成分的差异进行有针对性地开发。

The purpose of this study was to provide a scientific basis for the classification,breed selection and targeted development and utilization of different germplasm of Aquilaria sinensis.The samples of agarwood from six different germplasms were studied:Aquilaria sinensis‘Haixiang 1’,A.sinensis‘Haixiang 2’,A.sinensis‘Haixiang 3’,Piyou type,Big leaf type and Nangpao type.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to study the composition of the agarwood samples extracted by ultrasonic ether method.The volatile components of agarwood produced by the above six germplasms were higher in sesquiterpenoids and lower in chromones,The volatile components of six germ-plasms were quite different,except two components in common,namely butylated hydroxytoluene and 2,2'-meth-ylenebis[6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl-phenol].The number of sesquiterpenoids(10-26 kinds)and the total relative percentage content(25.39%-87.50%)were higher,and the main component was baimuxinal,among which A.sinensis‘Haixiang 3’had the highest amount and content.The quantity(1-3 species)and total relative percentage content(4.66%-37.32%)of chromones were low,mainly 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromones,among which A.sinensis‘Haixiang 1’had the highest quantity and content,while A.sinensis‘Haixiang 3’,Big leaf type and Nangpao type were not detected.The agarwood from A.sinensis‘Haixiang 1’,A.sinensis‘Haixiang 2’,A.sinensis‘Haixiang 3’,Piyou type,had rela-tively rich aromatic components(baimuxinal,7α-H-9(10)-ene-11,12-epoxy-8-oxoeremophilane,karanone and so on).The agarwood produced by A.sinensis‘Haixiang 2’,A.sinensis‘Haixiang 3’,Piyou type and Nangpao type contained many sesquiterpenoids,such as agarospirol and(-)jinkoh-eremol.The content of benzylacetone in A.sinensis‘Haixiang 1’,A.sinensis‘Haixiang 2’agarwood was high.7α-H-9(10)-ene-11,12-epoxy-8-oxoeremophilane and 6,7-dimethoxy-2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone in the agarwood produced by A.sinensis‘Haixiang 1’,A.sinensis‘Haixiang 3’and Big leaf type were high.The types and contents of volatile components of agarwood derived from the six different germplasms showed great difference,which could be developed according to the difference of active components.