政府R&D补贴的技术创新效应分析--基于2009-2021年中国的经验数据

An Analysis of the Technological Innovation Effect of Government R&D Subsidy:Based on the Empirical Data of China in 2009-2021

政府R&D补贴既可以通过提供公共服务的方式直接作用于技术创新,也可以通过对社会资本的引导作用间接影响技术创新,其总效应取决于两种影响的方向与大小。基于2009—2021年中国的经验数据,建立了由技术创新方程和引致方程共同组成的动态模型,对政府R&D补贴的技术创新效应进行了实证分析。结果发现:持续增加的政府R&D补贴带来了国内专利授权数量的稳定增加,技术创新效应较为显著;政府R&D补贴不仅对技术创新产生了积极的直接影响,也通过引导社会资本投资于研发领域而对技术创新产生了积极的间接影响;政府R&D补贴的技术创新效应存在区域差异,中东部地区为正,而西部地区为负。提高资金使用效率、积极引导社会资本投资技术研发、努力改善欠发达地区的研发环境,无疑是提高政府R&D补贴技术创新效应的必要选择。

Government R&D subsidies can not only affect technological innovation directly by providing public services,but also affect technological innovation indirectly by guiding social capital.The total effect depends on the direction and the size of the two effects.Based on the empirical data of China in 2009-2021,this paper establishes a dynamic model composed of the technological innovation equation and the induced equation,and conducts an empirical analysis on the technological innovation effect of government R&D subsidies.The results show that the increasing government R&D subsidy has brought about a steady increase in the number of domestic patents,and the technological innovation effect is more significant;Government R&D subsidies not only have a positive direct impact on technological innovation,but also have a positive indirect impact on technological innovation by guiding social capital to invest in the field of R&D;There are regional differences in the technological innovation effect of government R&D subsidies:The central and eastern regions are positive,while the western regions are negative.To improve the efficiency of fund use,to guide social capital to invest in technology research and development,and to improve the environment of R&D in less developed areas are undoubtedly the necessary choices to improve the technological innovation effect of government R&D subsidies.