学习反馈影响学生学习投入的元分析研究

A Meta-Analysis of the Influence of Learning Feedback on Students'Learning Engagement

反馈在学习中发挥着重要作用,但学界对反馈如何影响学习投入,尚未达成一致性认识。研究通过对SSCI期刊27项实验和准实验研究进行元分析发现:一是反馈对学生在认知、行为、情感投入等三个方面都有促进作用,且对情感投入的影响最大,其次是认知层面;二是反馈对学生学习投入的影响在线上课程中更为显著;三是计算机反馈对学生投入的影响效果最为显著;四是即时反馈和延时反馈都能提升学生的学习投入,但作用效果无显著差异;五是在不同学段和实验周期中,反馈都能提升学生的学习投入,但作用效果无显著差异。在教育数字化的驱动下,未来可优化数字化技术与工具的功能及反馈方式,提高教师的数字化素养,进一步拓展反馈与投入的研究深度与广度,探究二者的作用机制,以精确的、有效的、个性化的反馈促进学生的学习投入。

Feedback,as a component of education,plays an important role in the learning process,but there is no consensus on how feedback affects learning engagement.Through the meta-analysis of 27 experimental and quasi-experimental studies published in SSCI journals,it is found that:(1)Feedback can promote students'emotional,cognitive and behavioral engagement,and the im-pact on emotional engagement is the largest,followed by the cognitive level;(2)The impact of feedback on students'learning engage-ment is more significant in online courses;(3)Computer feedback has the most significant effect on students'input;(4)Both imme-diate feedback and delayed feedback can improve students'learning engagement,but there is no significant difference in effect;(5)Feedback can improve students'learning involvement in different classes and experiment cycles,but there is no significant difference in the effect.Driven by the digitalization of education,the functions and feedback methods of digital technologies and tools can be opti-mized in the future to improve teachers'digital literacy,further expand the depth and breadth of research on feedback and input,ex-plore the mechanism of action of the two,and promote students'learning input with accurate,effective and personalized feedback.