Numerical study of directional heat transfer in composite materials via controllable carbon fiber distribution

基于碳纤维可控分布的复合材料定向传热模拟研究

Carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 12(CF/PA12),a new material renowned for its excellent mechanical and thermal properties,has drawn significant industry attention.Using the steady-state research to heat transfer,a series of simulations to investigate the heat transfer properties of CF/PA12 were conducted in this study.Firstly,by building two-and three-dimensional models,the effects of the porosity,carbon fiber content,and arrangement on the heat transfer of CF/PA12 were examined.A validation of the simulation model was carried out and the findings were consistent with those of the experiment.Then,the simulation results using the above models showed that within the volume fraction from 0% to 28%,the thermal conductivity of CF/PA12 increased greatly from 0.0242 W/(m·K)to 10.8848 W/(m·K).The increasing porosity had little influence on heat transfer characteristic of CF/PA12.The direction of the carbon fiber arrangement affects the heat transfer impact,and optimal outcomes were achieved when the heat flow direction was parallel to the carbon fiber.This research contributes to improving the production methods and broadening the application scenarios of composite materials.

碳纤维增强聚酰胺12(CF/PA12)是一种具备优异力学性能和热性能的新材料,得到了业界的广泛关注,但是针对CF/PA12传热性能的研究目前较为缺乏,而基于碳纤维有序分布的复合材料传热技术对于电子元件散热有着重要作用。因此,本文采用稳态传热方法,研究了CF/PA12复合材料的气体孔隙率、碳纤维含量和碳纤维排列对其传热的影响。首先,建立了与实验相对应的二维和三维仿真模型并且进行了模型验证。然后,从导热系数以及温度分布等角度分析了CF/PA12的传热规律。结果表明,当CF/PA12内碳纤维的含量从0%增加到28%时,导热系数从0.2412大幅增加到10.8848 W/(m·K);气体孔隙率的增加对CF/PA12的传热特性影响不大;碳纤维排列方向会显著影响换热效果,且当传热沿着碳纤维排列方向时,传热热阻最低,此时的传热性能最佳。最后,探究了二维和三维碳纤维复合材料传热模型的区别,分析了二维导热系数和三维导热系数产生区别的原因。该研究有助于CF/PA12复合材料的加工制造的方法改进,拓宽其在热管理等方向的应用领域。