从宗室教育看十六国时期中华民族历史文化认同何以深入

How the Chinese Nation’s Historical and Cultural Identity Deepens in Sixteen Kingdoms from the Perspective of Clan Education

十六国宗室是十六国政权得以维持的根基和骨干,这一群体的政治能力和文化认同,直接关乎十六国时期中华民族共同体之自在发展的历史进程。在十六国统治阶层的提倡下,东宫机构和官学成为重要的教育形式,宗室成员还通过拜师求学、重视家学、侍读讲论等途径掌握各种文化知识和实践能力。十六国宗室教育具有规模宏远、政治导向、内容多样、师资优异、考核严明、重视女教等时代特征和价值取向。宗室教育为十六国诸政权造就了一批优秀人才,一些割据政权得以创造性继承华夏政治文明成果,表现出强烈的历史文化认同意识,为十六国北朝时期民族大融合奠定了基础。

The royal clan is the foundation and backbone for the regime of the Sixteen Kingdoms to be maintained,and the political ability and cultural identity of the groups are directly related to the historical process of the free development of the Chinese national community in the Sixteen Kingdoms.Under the advocacy of the ruling class of the Sixteen Kingdoms,the East Palace and the official school became important forms of education.Members of the royal family also acquired various cultural knowledge and practical skills through means such as apprenticing under teachers,valuing family education,and attending lectures and discussions.The royal clan education of the Sixteen Kingdoms was characterized by its large scale,political orientation,diverse content,excellent teaching staff,rigorous assessments,and a strong emphasis on the education of women.The royal clan education brought up a group of outstanding talents for the regimes of the Sixteen Kingdoms,and some separatist regimes were able to inherit the achievements of Chinese political civilization,showing the strong sense of historical and cultural identity,which laid the foundation for national integration from the Sixteen Kingdoms to the Northern Dynasty.