摘要
利用1960—2022年新疆塔城区域9个国家气象观测站逐日观测数据、国家气候中心大气环流和海温指数,分析塔城区域暴雨事件的时空变化特征及其影响因子。结果表明:塔城区域年平均暴雨发生频数为1.98站日,呈西北部多、中东部少的分布特征;年平均暴雨量为6.83 mm,最大值出现在塔城站,最小值出现在炮台站。塔城区域暴雨频数和年暴雨量总体呈增多趋势;暴雨频数季节分布呈单峰型,主要集中在5—8月,7月最多。暴雨事件年代际变化阶段性特征明显,20世纪60年代—21世纪00年代为偏少期,20世纪70年代偏少幅度最大,21世纪10年代进入偏多期。西太平洋副热带高压面积、强度和北界位置指数与暴雨频数呈正相关,亚洲极涡面积(强度)指数、北半球极涡面积(强度)指数与暴雨频数呈负相关。ENSO(厄尔尼诺-南方涛动)冷(暖)事件与塔城区域暴雨的少(多)有较好的对应关系。
Using the daily observation data of nine national meteorological stations in Tacheng area of Xinjiang,and the atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature index from National Climate Center during 1960-2022,the spatial-temporal variation characteristics and influencing factors of rainstorm events in Tacheng region were analyzed.The results show that:The rainstorm events occur 125 times in Tacheng area,and the annual average frequency of stations and days is 1.98 d,with a distribution pattern of more in the northwest and less in the central and eastern regions.The annual average rainfall is 6.83 mm,with the maximum value appearing at Tacheng station and the minimum value at Paotai station.The frequency and annual rainfall in Tacheng region show an overall increasing trend.The seasonal distribution of rainstorm frequency shows a single peak type,mainly occurring from May to August,with the most in July.The decadal variation of rainstorm is obvious,from the 1960s to the 2000s the rainstorm is less than the average value during 1991-2020,especially in the 1970s the rainstorm is the least.The rainstorm frequency begins to increase obviously in the 2010s.Western Pacific subtropical high area(intensity,northern boundary position)index are positively correlated with the rainstorm frequency,while the Asian polar vortex area(intensity)index and Northern Hemisphere polar vortex area(intensity)index are negatively correlated with the rainstorm frequency.The cold(warm)ENSO(El Nino-Southern Oscillation)events have a good correspondence with the less(more)rainstorm in Tacheng region.
作者
高婧
井立红
芮建文
张青
井立军
GAO Jing;JING Lihong;RUI Jianwen;ZHANG Qing;JING Lijun(Shawan Meteorological Bureau,Shawan 832100,China;Tacheng Meteorological Bureau,Tacheng 834700,China;Hami Meteorological Bureau,Hami 839000,China;Urumqi Meteorological Satellite Ground Station,Urumqi 830011,China)
出处
《沙漠与绿洲气象》
2024年第4期15-22,共8页
Desert and Oasis Meteorology
基金
新疆气象科技创新发展基金项目(MS202217)
新疆人才发展基金“天山英才”计划新疆“三农”骨干人才培养项目(2022SNGGT012)
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2022D01A26)。
关键词
暴雨
时空分布
新疆塔城
rainstorm
spatial-temporal distribution
Tacheng of Xinjiang