不同肥料类型对阔叶箬竹修剪后生长及土壤养分含量的影响

Effect of Different Fertilizers on Growth and Soil Nutrient Content of Indocalamus latifolius Forest After Pruning

选用菌肥(T1)、控释肥(奥绿肥318s,T2)、复合肥(T3)、有机肥(羊粪,T4)4种肥料类型,以不施肥为对照(T5),研究了不同肥料类型对阔叶箬竹地上部分剪除后的竹林生长及土壤养分的影响。结果显示:1)在促进阔叶箬竹生长方面,控释肥(T2)整体表现较好,施用后竹林的母株成活量、出笋量、竹笋地茎、竹笋高度分别比对照增加243.7%、300.0%、55.7%、129.7%,退笋数量较对照减少37.5%;叶片全氮、全磷、全钾、总钙和总镁含量分别比对照提高8.3%、3.2%、18.3%、4.7%和24.9%;5种处理在促进竹林生长的综合效应方面表现为T2>T1>T3>T4>T5。2)在改善土壤养分状况方面,控释肥(T2)的效果最好,施用后土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量分别比对照提高50.8%、44.8%、56.7%,土壤EC值提高160%,pH值降低0.7%;5种处理对于改善林地土壤肥力的综合效果表现为T2>T1=T3=T4>T5。阔叶箬竹地上部分剪除后,施用控释肥(奥绿肥318s)为最佳施肥方案。

Four types of fertilizers are selected,including bacterial fertilizer(T1),controlled-release fertilizer(Alfv fertilizer 318s,T2),compound fertilizer(T3),and organic fertilizer(sheep manure,T4) are selected with no fertilization as a control(T5) to study the effects of different fertilizers on the growth and the soil nutrients of Indocalamus latifolius forests after cutting off the aboveground parts.The results show that:1) In terms of improving the growth of I.latifolius,controlled-release fertilizer(T2) has better performance.After its application,the survival rate of mother plants,shoot yield,bamboo shoot rhizome,and bamboo shoot height increase by 243.7%,300.0%,55.7% and 129.7%,respectively,and the death of bamboo shoots decreases by 37.5%,compared to the control;the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,total calcium,and total magnesium in the leaves increase by 8.3%,3.2%,18.3%,4.7%,and 24.9%,respectively,compared to the control;the comprehensive effects of the 5 treatments on improving bamboo forest growth rank as follows:T2>T1>T3>T4>T5;and 2) In terms of improving soil nutrients,controlled-release fertilizer(T2) has the best effect.After its application,the contents of soil alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium increase by 50.8%,44.8%,and 56.7%,respectively,compared to the control,soil EC increases by 160%,and PH decreases by 0.7%;the comprehensive effect of the 5 treatments on improving soil fertility is as follows:T2>T1=T3=T4>T5.After cutting off the aboveground part of I.latifolius,the best fertilization plan is controlled-release fertilizer(Alfv fertilizer 318s).