CD4^(+)T细胞亚群在皮肌炎发病机制中的研究进展

Research progress on CD4^(+)T cell subsets in the pathogenesis of dermatomyositis

目的探讨皮肌炎(DM)的免疫学发病机制,特别关注CD4^(+)T细胞亚群在其发病过程中的作用。方法从免疫失衡的角度,通过分析近10年来的文献,深入探讨了DM与CD4^(+)T细胞亚群的关联,全面梳理了细胞因子及相关信号分子等方面的信息。结果主导免疫反应的CD4^(+)T细胞亚群,在DM的发病过程中有显著影响。其中,辅助性T细胞1型(Th1)与Th2和Th17与调节性T细胞(Tregs)比值的不平衡在DM的病理过程中起着核心作用。新发现的CD4^(+)T细胞亚群,Tph细胞(PD-1hiCXCR5−CD4^(+))可能也参与DM的发病过程。结论CD4^(+)T细胞因子的异常表达及其网络失衡参与了DM的免疫学发病机制,为治疗DM提供了新的视角。

Objective To investigate the immunological pathogenesis of dermatomyositis(DM),with a particular focus on the role of CD4^(+)T cell subsets in its development.Methods From the perspective of immune imbalance,we deeply explored the association between DM and CD4^(+)T cell subsets by analyzing literature from the past decade.We comprehensively reviewed information regarding cytokines and related signaling molecules.Results CD4^(+)T cell subsets that dominated the immune response had a significant impact on the pathogenesis of DM.Among them,the imbalance in the ratio of Th1 to Th2 and Th17 to regulatory T cells(Tregs)played a central role in the pathology of DM.Additionally,newly identified CD4^(+)T cell subsets,specifically Tph cells(PD-1hi CXCR5−CD4^(+)),might also be involved in the pathogenesis of DM.Conclusion The abnormal expression of CD4^(+)T cell cytokines and the imbalance of their network are involved in the immunological pathogenesis of DM,providing new perspectives for the treatment of DM.