矿井探地雷达背景杂波抑制方法综述

Review of Mine Ground Penetrating Radar Background Clutter Suppressing Methods

随着中国煤炭安全高效智能开采需求的不断提升,矿井探地雷达(ground-penetrating radar, GPR)作为一种高精度物探方法,在煤矿井下探测中有广阔的应用前景。由于探地雷达目标回波信号受系统内部噪声、外部电磁干扰、巷道回波、地下介质不均匀等干扰影响,虚警率较高。尤其对于小尺寸目标,其回波信号为弱信号,容易淹没在强烈的背景杂波中,成为目前制约探地雷达探测性能的主要因素之一,进一步实现井下煤层、构造探测、提高探测精度的关键在于对背景杂波的抑制。从对消法、滤波法、分解法和网络法出发,综述这些杂波抑制方法的基本原理、优缺点及其在探地雷达干扰抑制领域的研究进展,并探讨各种方法的适用范围和发展潜力。杂波抑制技术的不断创新将进一步提高探地雷达的信噪比与灵敏度,使其在煤矿井下探测中发挥更大的应用价值。

With the increasing demand for safe,efficient and intelligent coal mining in China,ground-penetrating radar(GPR),as a high-precision geophysical method,has broad application prospects in underground coal mine detection.Due to the interference of internal noise,external electromagnetic interference,roadway echoes,and inhomogeneous nature of underground media in the ground penetrating radar target echo signal,the false alarm rate is relatively high.Especially for small-sized targets,their echo signals are weak and easily overwhelmed by strong background clutter,significantly hampering detection capabilities of GPR at present.The suppression of this background clutter is crucial for enhancing underground coal seam and structure detection,as well as improving detection accuracy.The fundamental principles,advantages,and limitations of various clutter suppression techniques were comprehensively overviewed,including interference canceling,filtering,decomposition,and network-based methods.Furthermore,it delved into the potential future directions and capabilities of these approaches.With ongoing innovation in clutter suppression technology,further improvements in signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity of GPR can be anticipated.