基于数据挖掘技术探讨孙一奎治疗痢疾的组方用药规律

Exploration of the prescription rule of SUN Yikui in treating dysentery based on data mining technology

目的应用数据挖掘技术探讨孙一奎治疗痢疾的组方用药规律。方法检索《赤水玄珠》《医旨绪余》《孙文垣医案》中治疗痢疾的处方,使用Microsoft Excel 2021软件建立处方数据库,分析所用中药的频次、性味归经及功效分类,通过SPSS Modeler 18.0及SPSS Statistics 26.0软件对高频中药进行关联规则分析、聚类分析、因子分析、活性成分及作用机制分析。结果共筛选得到处方62首,中药73味,总使用频次590次,频次排名前六的中药分别为甘草、白芍、白术、人参、当归与黄连;所用中药寒温并用,药味以甘味为主,苦、辛为辅,归经以脾经为主,药物多为补虚药、清热药、利水渗湿药。通过关联规则分析得到“肉桂、白术-甘草”和“柴胡、白芍-甘草”2个高支持度用药组合,通过复杂网络得到白芍-甘草-白术-人参之间关联性最强;聚类分析得到3类药物组合;因子分析得到7个公因子。结论孙一奎治疗痢疾多采用先补后攻法,善用甘温补虚之品以扶正补虚,采用固本培元法治疗久痢伤肾,挖掘出的新方组合可供临床化裁应用。

Objective To explore the rule of SUN Yikui's prescription in the treatment of dysentery by using data mining technology.Methods The prescriptions from Chishui Xuanzhu,Yi Zhi Xu Yu,and SUN Wenyuan Medical Records were collected to establish a prescription database with Microsoft Excel 2021 software.Analysis was conducted on the frequency,properties,flavors,meridian tropism,and therapeutic classifications of traditional Chinese medicines used.SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS Statistics 26.0 were employed for association rule analysis,cluster analysis,factor analysis,identification of active ingredients,and mechanism of action of frequently used Chinese medicines.Results A total of 62 prescriptions comprising 73 Chinese herbs with a cumulative frequency of 590 times were obtained.The top six Chinese herbs included Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Paeoniae Radix Alba,Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma.The combination therapy involved both coldand warm-natured herbs;predominantly sweet-flavored with supplementary bitter and spicy elements;targeting the spleen meridian;mainly tonifying deficiency while clearing heat and promoting diuresis.Association rule analysis revealed two highly supported combinations:"Cinnamomi CortexAtractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma"and"Bupleuri Radix-Paeoniae Radix Alba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma",while complex network analysis identified the strongest correlation between Paeoniae Radix Alba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma.Cluster analysis yielded three drug combinations while factor analysis identified seven common factors.Conclusion SUN Yikui's approach to treating dysentery primarily involves tonifying before attacking and using sweetand warmnatured medicines to effectively supplement deficiencies to strengthen vital energy without causing further depletion,aimed at addressing chronic kidney injury resulting from dysentery.The new prescription combination can be used in clinical application.