言说型话语标记的国际中文教学研究

Research on the International Chinese Teaching of Utterance Markers

话语标记的习得对汉语学习者交际能力的提高具有重要影响。言说型话语标记的界定需满足两个条件:一是必须含有言说词,二是必须是话语标记。言说型话语标记在语篇中具有衔接连贯功能和语篇预示功能;在人际互动中具有标示言者态度和提请听者注意的功能;在国际中文教学中具有帮助学生理解上下文间的语义关系、预测下文内容、判断说话人的情感态度和提炼文章关键信息的作用。言说行话语标记的国际中文教学应遵循“由易至难”的原则,采用拆分替换法、从语篇功能角度分类,设置恰当的语境、加强辨析形似义近的话语标记来提升教学效果。

The acquisition of utterance markers plays an important role in improving the communicative competence of Chinese learners.The definition of discursive markers should meet two conditions:one is that they must contain discursive words;the other is that they must be discursive markers.The discourse markers have the functions of cohesion and coherence and prediction in the discourse,and they have the functions of marking the speaker’s attitude and drawing the listener’s attention in the interpersonal interaction.In international Chinese teaching,it helps students understand the semantic relationship between contexts,predict the following content,judge the emotional attitude of speakers and extract the key information of the text.By following the principle of“from easy to difficult”,we adopt specific teaching methods such as splitting and replacing,classifying from the perspective of text function,setting appropriate context,and strengthening the discrimination and analysis of speech markers with similar form and meaning.