‘燕山红栗’雌花不同发育阶段解剖结构及细胞壁成分变化

Anatomical Structure and Cell Wall Components Changes in Chestnut‘Yanshan Hongli’Female Flowers at Developmental Stages

为探究生长发育过程中板栗(Castanea mollissima)雌花解剖学特征及其细胞壁成分变化规律,以‘燕山红栗’(‘Yanshan Hongli’)为试验对象,通过石蜡切片观察内部形态变化并通过荧光染色观察细胞壁成分变化。依据内部显微结构变化确定所采集的雌花样品集中在4个最重要的发育阶段,即花朵原基分化期、柱头原基分化期、柱头伸长期和开花期。荧光染色结果表明,在发育时期推移过程中,雌花细胞壁中纤维素荧光强度逐渐增强。特别是在花柱伸长过程中,柱头部位与子房部位的纤维素荧光显著增强。此外,在所观察的发育阶段,酯化果胶荧光强度始终高于酸性果胶,并且柱头部位与子房周围的荧光强度也较其他部位更强。这些结果揭示了生长发育过程中板栗雌花细胞壁成分变化规律,为深入探究板栗生长发育机制提供了重要线索。

To investigate the anatomical characteristics of female flowers and the changes of cell wall components of Castanea mollissima during the growth and development,‘Yanshan Hongli’was used as materials,and the internal morphological changes were observed by paraffin sections and the changes of cell wall components were observed by fluorescence staining.According to its internal microstructure changes,the collected samples were determined at the four most important development stages:flower primordium differentiation stage,stigma primordium differentiation stage,stigma elongation stage and flowering stage.The results showed that the fluorescence intensity of cellulose in the cell wall of female flowers gradually increased during the development.Especially during the process of stigma elongation,the fluorescence intensity of cellulose in stigma and ovary was significantly enhanced.In addition,the fluorescence intensity of esterified pectin was always higher than that of acidic pectin during the four development stages and the fluorescence intensity of pectin in stigma and ovary was stronger than that of other parts.These results revealed the changes of cell wall components during the growth and development of chestnut female flowers,and provided important clues for further understanding the mechanism of chestnut growth and development.