吹脱法处理高浓度氨氮废水研究进展

Research progress on gas stripping for highly-concentrated ammonia-nitrogen wastewater treatment

高浓度氨氮废水排放量大、毒性强,对环境的污染问题突出。吹脱法具有氨氮去除效率高、操作简便、可实现氨氮资源化回收的优势,合理运用该工艺对处理高浓度氨氮废水具有重要意义。在介绍氨吹脱原理的基础上,分析了pH、温度、气液比3个关键因素对氨吹脱效率的影响规律;从提高氨氮去除效率及降低运行成本的角度回顾了近年来发展的新型氨吹脱工艺;重点分析了将氨吹脱与物理化学或生物处理联用的结合工艺,在去除氨氮的同时实现其余污染物的削减或工艺的强化。最后针对氨吹脱研究目前存在的问题提出展望,认为该工艺未来应面向更加高效化、数字化、集成化及经济化的趋势发展,为今后开展相关研究及应用提供了思路。

Highly-concentrated ammonia-nitrogen(NH3-N)wastewater has caused serious pollution to environment with its massive discharges and high toxicity.The gas stripping method has the advantages of high removal efficiency,simple operation,and resource recovery,which shows great significance for ammonia-rich wastewater treatment with rational application.This paper introduced the principle of ammonia stripping and discussed three main factors(pH,temperature,gas to liquid ratio)that influence the efficiency.Recent novel ammonia stripping technologies were reviewed from the perspective of improving NH3-N removal efficiency and reducing operating costs.The combination processes of ammonia stripping with physicochemical and biological treatment were also summarized and evaluated with focus on achieving the reduction of other pollutants or strengthening of the processes while removing NH3-N.Finally,future prospects were proposed based on the current problems in ammonia stripping researches.Ammonia stripping should be developed towards more efficient,digital,integrated and economical,which provided guidance for its future research and application.